Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display The Steps in HIV Replication Slide number 1 (1) Viral genome and reverse transcriptase enter cell. (2) DNA copy synthesized by reverse transcriptase. (3) RNA degraded; second DNA strand synthesized. (8) Final viral assembly and budding take place. (5) With host cell activation, viral DNA is transcribed, yielding messenger RNAs and viral genome RNA. (6) Viral RNAs are translated, yielding viral enzymes (including protease) and structural proteins. Host cell nucleus Host cell genome Site of action of AZT and other reverse Transcriptase inhibitors Site of action of protease inhibitors RNA DNA (7) Viral membrane proteins are transported to host cell membrane. (4) DNA circularizes (unintegrated provirus) or integrase functions to incorporate DNA into host cell genome (integrated provirus). Site of action of antiretroviral drugs under development

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display The Steps in HIV Replication Slide number 2 (1) Viral genome and reverse transcriptase enter cell.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display The Steps in HIV Replication Slide number 3 (1) Viral genome and reverse transcriptase enter cell. (2) DNA copy synthesized by reverse transcriptase. Site of action of AZT and other reverse Transcriptase inhibitors RNA DNA

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display The Steps in HIV Replication Slide number 4 (1) Viral genome and reverse transcriptase enter cell. (2) DNA copy synthesized by reverse transcriptase. Site of action of AZT and other reverse Transcriptase inhibitors RNA DNA (3) RNA degraded; second DNA strand synthesized. DNA

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display The Steps in HIV Replication Slide number 5 (1) Viral genome and reverse transcriptase enter cell. (2) DNA copy synthesized by reverse transcriptase. (3) RNA degraded; second DNA strand synthesized. Host cell nucleus Host cell genome Site of action of AZT and other reverse Transcriptase inhibitors RNA DNA (4) DNA circularizes (unintegrated provirus) or integrase functions to incorporate DNA into host cell genome (integrated provirus). Site of action of antiretroviral drugs under development

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display The Steps in HIV Replication Slide number 6 (1) Viral genome and reverse transcriptase enter cell. (2) DNA copy synthesized by reverse transcriptase. (3) RNA degraded; second DNA strand synthesized. (5) With host cell activation, viral DNA is transcribed, yielding messenger RNAs and viral genome RNA. Host cell nucleus Host cell genome Site of action of AZT and other reverse Transcriptase inhibitors RNA DNA (4) DNA circularizes (unintegrated provirus) or integrase functions to incorporate DNA into host cell genome (integrated provirus). Site of action of antiretroviral drugs under development

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display The Steps in HIV Replication Slide number 7 (1) Viral genome and reverse transcriptase enter cell. (2) DNA copy synthesized by reverse transcriptase. (3) RNA degraded; second DNA strand synthesized. (5) With host cell activation, viral DNA is transcribed, yielding messenger RNAs and viral genome RNA. (6) Viral RNAs are translated, yielding viral enzymes (including protease) and structural proteins. Host cell nucleus Host cell genome Site of action of AZT and other reverse Transcriptase inhibitors Site of action of protease inhibitors RNA DNA (4) DNA circularizes (unintegrated provirus) or integrase functions to incorporate DNA into host cell genome (integrated provirus). Site of action of antiretroviral drugs under development

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display The Steps in HIV Replication Slide number 8 (1) Viral genome and reverse transcriptase enter cell. (2) DNA copy synthesized by reverse transcriptase. (3) RNA degraded; second DNA strand synthesized. (5) With host cell activation, viral DNA is transcribed, yielding messenger RNAs and viral genome RNA. (6) Viral RNAs are translated, yielding viral enzymes (including protease) and structural proteins. Host cell nucleus Host cell genome Site of action of AZT and other reverse Transcriptase inhibitors Site of action of protease inhibitors RNA DNA (7) Viral membrane proteins are transported to host cell membrane. (4) DNA circularizes (unintegrated provirus) or integrase functions to incorporate DNA into host cell genome (integrated provirus). Site of action of antiretroviral drugs under development

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display The Steps in HIV Replication Slide number 9 (1) Viral genome and reverse transcriptase enter cell. (2) DNA copy synthesized by reverse transcriptase. (3) RNA degraded; second DNA strand synthesized. (8) Final viral assembly and budding take place. (5) With host cell activation, viral DNA is transcribed, yielding messenger RNAs and viral genome RNA. (6) Viral RNAs are translated, yielding viral enzymes (including protease) and structural proteins. Host cell nucleus Host cell genome Site of action of AZT and other reverse Transcriptase inhibitors Site of action of protease inhibitors RNA DNA (7) Viral membrane proteins are transported to host cell membrane. (4) DNA circularizes (unintegrated provirus) or integrase functions to incorporate DNA into host cell genome (integrated provirus). Site of action of antiretroviral drugs under development