Announcements Tuesday, May 3 FINAL When: Tuesday, May 10, 7:30 – 9:30 Where: in our usual room. BRING YOUR 5” x 7” card with notes. BRING “problem” exams.

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Announcements Tuesday, May 3 FINAL When: Tuesday, May 10, 7:30 – 9:30 Where: in our usual room. BRING YOUR 5” x 7” card with notes. BRING “problem” exams (misgraded, etc.) HELP SESSIONS: JUST DROP IN FOR HELP!!!! Wednesday at 5 pm, here Next Monday at 7 pm, TBA EXTRA CREDIT (10 PTS) Find the error in the hydrogen car article.

Today’s Factoids Population of China: 1,300,000,000 (20% of global population) Population of USA: 300,000,000 Log 10 (China) = 9.1 Log10(USA) = 8.5 U.S. –awarded Ph.D.’s in science & engineering: ~25,000/year

RedOx ReductionOxidation Lose oxygenGain oxygen Gain hydrogenLose hydrogen Gain electronsLose electrons

A sample case 2Na + 2H 2 O  2Na + + H 2 + 2OH - Na was oxidized: Na  Na + + e - (electron lost) H was reduced: lost oxygen O no change: lost H but gained e - Remember…we actually ran this reaction by dumping some sodium into water.

Another one 2 CH 3 OH  2 CH 2 O + H 2 C: ??? H: ??? O: ???

Still another one (related to “butter vs. margarine”) CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH=CHCH 2 CH 3 + H 2  CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH-CHCH 2 CH 3 HH C ????? H ?????

Secret Agents: all part of the semantics nightmare that is RedOx Something that promotes reduction: reducing agent Example: K, Na, H, LiAlH 4 Something that promotes oxidation: oxidizing agent Example, O, F, Br, K 2 Cr 2 O 7

Main Applications of RedOx Recovery of metals from ores Corrosion Prevention of corrosion Batteries

And the sons of Pullman porters & the sons of engineers Ride their fathers' magic carpet made of steel Mothers with their babes asleep, rockin' to the gentle beat And the rhythm of the rails is all they feel City of New Orleans— Steve Goodman Steel!

Images of steel production

Reducing Iron Ore to Make Steel: from rust to riches 2 Fe 2 O 3 + 3C  4 Fe + 3CO 2 Rust i.e., ore From Coal How steel is really made:

RedOx & Geography COAL IRON ORE CARS

Electro-reduction for Aluminum 2Al 2 O 3  4Al + 3O 2 Electrons out Electrons in Power Plant

Hydroelectric Power Hydroelectric Power Aircraft Industry

Why do we recycle aluminum?

Corrosion 2 Fe  2 Fe e - 4e - + 2H 2 O + O 2  4OH - Electrons travel down nail

Batteries! What if we could trap those electrons, make ‘em do some work before the reduction step?

ENR vs XOM

Fuel Cells—Quick Intro

We are reliant on foreign oil. U.S. oil imports as a percentage of consumption

relations.org/newsletter/saudi- relations-12.html

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At the other end of I-10

Hybrid Vehicles RedOx Chemistry Galore “The car Detroit wants you to believe cannot be built.” But is that fair???

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Cool Fuel Cell Links How Stuff Works Link: cell1.htm m?parent=fuel- cell.htm&url= urces/h2/gottesfeld/education.html

“Maybe I should invest in fuel cells.” P. Russo, 1999

More Announcements Pick up your HW 4 papers!! HW 5 due 5 pm—no exceptions. HW 5 answers by Monday evening help session, 5 pm Tuesday 7:30 am Final Exam (300 pts) Remember, only 5” x 7” cheat sheet No-calculator bribe raised to 17% for final.