 Define fascism  What are the main two objectives of the Nazi Party?  Identify:  Sigmund Freud  Albert Einstein  Pablo Picasso

 Known as “Father of the Revolution”  Attempted to bring democratic revolution to China  He succeeded but later taken away by dictator  Ideas fueled revolutionary fervor of early 20 th century, became basis for Nationalist gov’t led by Chiang Kai-shek in 1928 

 “Father of the Turks”  Military/Political leader, transformed Ottoman Empire into modern Turkey  Turned Turkey into a secular country

 Hindu - Led non-violent demonstrations, practiced civil disobedience (deliberate & public refusal to obey unjust law), & boycotts to weaken British control  In favor of independence 

 Sept. 1931: Japan Invades Manchuria  Manchuria rich in coal & iron – valuable to Japan  Japan is an island nation and had very few resources.

 Result?  League of Nations protested – did nothing else  Japan ignored protests  Pulled out of League in 1933

 Oct. 1935: Italy attacks Ethiopia  Because Mussolini wanted to avenge Ethiopian victory from 1890s  Mussolini dreamed of Italian Empire in Africa

 Result?  Italy won easily  Emperor of Ethiopia pleaded w/ League of Nations for help – they did nothing in hopes of keeping the peace in Europe

 March 1936: Germany occupies Rhineland  Hitler Violates Treaty of Versailles  Rebuilding Germany’s army  Invaded Rhineland

 Result?  British & French appeasement (giving in to keep peace)  Marked turning point in march toward war:  Strengthened Hitler’s power & prestige  Balance of power shifted in Germany’s favor  Weak response by Britain & France encouraged Hitler to speed up expansion

 Alliance Formed  Hitler forms Axis Powers with Mussolini and Japan

 July 1937: Japan invades China  Rape of Nanjing:  Japanese army killed 200, ,000 Chinese civilians in about 2 months  Committed rape, arson, looting, & executed prisoners of war & civilians  tch%3Fv%3DZBmSTK8JALk&has_verified=1 tch%3Fv%3DZBmSTK8JALk&has_verified=1

 Why was it held?  Hitler demanded Czechoslovakia give up part of its land to Germany (Sudetenland)  Czechoslovakia refused – Conference held to solve problem

 Was it successful?  No – Germany allowed to take Sudetenland, but promised to respect new Czech. Borders  A few months later, he took entire country

 April 1939: Franco becomes Spanish dictator  Civil War Broke out in 1936  Army led by Franco – revolted against gov’t run by liberals & socialists  Hitler, Mussolini, Soviet Union sent aid (army backed by Spanish fascists)  Training ground for Hitler’s troops  Gov’t resistance collapsed

 Aug. 1939: Germany & USSR sign non- aggression pact  Why did enemies sign a pact?  Germany did not want USSR getting in the way in Poland  Soviet Union wanted to avoid war with Germany & upset about how they were treated by other Allies at the end of World War I 

 Get in groups of two or three  Choose an Axis Country  Create the axis country's flag you chose  Research what your country wanted and why they joined the Axis Power  Be prepared to discuss your findings

 Complete Yesterday’s worksheet  Read and answer questions on pg 920 #’s 1-18