A Brief History of New Zealand EDFS 380 Spring 2010

Geological Perspective Solo land mass for 85 million years Solo land mass for 85 million years Flora and fauna evolve in isolation Flora and fauna evolve in isolation No mammals No mammals Birds take over ecological niche Birds take over ecological niche Southern Alps youngest in world and growing fast Southern Alps youngest in world and growing fast

A Long Journey 4000 BC Taiwan 4000 BC Taiwan 1500 BC West Pacific- Soloman Island Migration 1500 BC West Pacific- Soloman Island Migration 200 BC Tahiti and Cook Islands 200 BC Tahiti and Cook Islands

1300 Arrival of Maori in wakas Arrival of Maori in wakas Migrate to South Island over 100 years Migrate to South Island over 100 years Highly developed war culture Highly developed war culture Highly organized and versatile society Highly organized and versatile society Rapid evolution of art and technology Rapid evolution of art and technology

Abel Tasman Abel Tasman Mistakes Land Mass for South America Mistakes Land Mass for South America James Cook James Cook Searches for the “Great Southern Continent” Searches for the “Great Southern Continent”

1840 Treaty of Waitangi Treaty of Waitangi Article 1-Sovereignty of Queen vs Rangitirana- the chiefdom the power remains with Maori Article 1-Sovereignty of Queen vs Rangitirana- the chiefdom the power remains with Maori Article 2- Protection of lands, fisheries and taonga Article 2- Protection of lands, fisheries and taonga Article 3- Rights of British citizenship Article 3- Rights of British citizenship 2000 Pakeha 2000 Pakeha 100,000 Maori 100,000 Maori

1840 First Major Pakeha Settlement First Major Pakeha Settlement 12,000 Rural Laborers with Families 12,000 Rural Laborers with Families Desire for Land and New World Desire for Land and New World

,000 Pakeha 100,000 Pakeha Maori Become Minority Maori Become Minority Treaty Promises Broken Treaty Promises Broken

New Zealand Wars Simultaneous with US Civil War Simultaneous with US Civil War Affects NZ Identity in Similar Way Affects NZ Identity in Similar Way 10,000 Dead 10,000 Dead

1880 Economic Depression Economic Depression Aging Pioneer Population Aging Pioneer Population Unemployment Unemployment

1890 Richard Seddon Becomes Prime Minister Richard Seddon Becomes Prime Minister Introduces the welfare state Introduces the welfare state core set of NZ values core set of NZ values old age pension old age pension education education government housing government housing Voting rights for women (1893) Voting rights for women (1893)

1890 Refrigeration Revolutionizes Economy Refrigeration Revolutionizes Economy Keep Meat Cold Keep Meat Cold Export to Britain Export to Britain Create Dairy Industry Create Dairy Industry Boer War Boer War Foot soldiers for British Army Foot soldiers for British Army Reputation as good at war and rugby Reputation as good at war and rugby

1938“When the state ran supreme” 1938“When the state ran supreme” 1947 New Zealand gains sovereignty over law making 1947 New Zealand gains sovereignty over law making

1984 Prime Minister David Longy Prime Minister David Longy Fundamental challenging of earlier core values: Fundamental challenging of earlier core values: Own distinctive foreign policy as war neutral Own distinctive foreign policy as war neutral Anti nuclear Anti nuclear Pacific trade- Asia, Japan, Australia, Pacific trade- Asia, Japan, Australia, Maori rights (reconciliation and recompense) Maori rights (reconciliation and recompense) schools schools language language land land More women in positions of power More women in positions of power Urban society Urban society Immigration policy changes Immigration policy changes

1990s Over.5 million Maori Over.5 million Maori Growing faster than Pakeha Growing faster than Pakeha High degree of intermarriage High degree of intermarriage Urban culture Urban culture 60% of those in law and medicine are women 60% of those in law and medicine are women

2000s One of three countries without written constitution One of three countries without written constitution Labour party Labour party Center left Center left Prime Minister Helen Clark ( ) Prime Minister Helen Clark ( ) Civil unions Civil unions No smacking No smacking Prostitution- Prostitution- National party National party elected in November 2008 elected in November 2008 Prime Minister John Key Prime Minister John Key