BSE: World Situation and USDA Response FDA TSE Advisory Committee Silver Spring, MD October 14, 2004 Lisa A. Ferguson, DVM Senior Staff Veterinarian USDA, APHIS, Veterinary Services

Total BSE cases worldwide Cumulative total – greater than 188,900 cases Cumulative total – greater than 188,900 cases Greater than 96% in United Kingdom Greater than 96% in United Kingdom OIE website lists current reported totals: OIE website lists current reported totals:

Total BSE cases worldwide Austria1 Belgium126 Canada2 Czech14 Denmark13 Finland1 France926 Germany335 Greece1 Ireland1441 Israel1 Italy115Japan13Liecht.2 Luxemb.2 Netherl.76 Poland18 Portugal914 Slovakia18 Slovenia5 Spain479 Switz.454 Total non- UK 4957 UK183,972

EU summary BSE testing in 2003 (EU 15) BSE testing in 2003 (EU 15) Total of 10 million cattle tested (8.7 million healthy) Total of 10 million cattle tested (8.7 million healthy) 1,364 positive 1,364 positive Number of BSE cases and overall prevalence decreased by approximately 35% compared to 2002 Number of BSE cases and overall prevalence decreased by approximately 35% compared to 2002 Demonstrate control measures are having some effect Demonstrate control measures are having some effect

Prevalence: Cases per million adult cattle Adult cattle (mil) Positives Prevalence 2003 Prevalence 2002 Total EU Spain France Ireland Portugal UK

Assessments of country status Geographical BSE-risk Geographical BSE-risk Initial assessments completed in 2000 by SSC Initial assessments completed in 2000 by SSC Level I-IV Level I-IV US considered Level II in 2000 US considered Level II in 2000 EC requested re-assessments, due to additional findings of BSE EC requested re-assessments, due to additional findings of BSE US, Canada, Mexico, South Africa – Level III US, Canada, Mexico, South Africa – Level III Australia – remains Level I Australia – remains Level I OIE recognition of “provisionally free” OIE recognition of “provisionally free” Argentina, Iceland, Singapore, Uruguay Argentina, Iceland, Singapore, Uruguay

USDA-APHIS Import Regulations Title 9 Code of Federal Regulations, Parts Title 9 Code of Federal Regulations, Parts Part – list of countries affected with BSE or that present an undue risk of BSE Part – list of countries affected with BSE or that present an undue risk of BSE November 2003 – proposed rule: November 2003 – proposed rule: Create minimal risk category Create minimal risk category Import conditions for certain animals and products from minimal risk regions Import conditions for certain animals and products from minimal risk regions Place Canada in minimal risk category Place Canada in minimal risk category Reviewing and analyzing comments Reviewing and analyzing comments

Canadian situation 2 indigenous cases identified 2 indigenous cases identified May 2003 – beef cow in Alberta May 2003 – beef cow in Alberta December 2003 – dairy cow in Washington December 2003 – dairy cow in Washington Extensive epi investigations Extensive epi investigations SRM removal – June 2003 SRM removal – June 2003 Feed ban in place since considering additional animal feed restrictions Feed ban in place since considering additional animal feed restrictions Increased surveillance – targeted high-risk Increased surveillance – targeted high-risk Goal – 8,000 in >6300 samples to date Goal – 8,000 in >6300 samples to date Goal – 30,000 in 2005 Goal – 30,000 in 2005

FSIS Actions Federal Register - Jan 12, 2004 Federal Register - Jan 12, 2004 Prohibit non-ambulatory disabled cattle from slaughter for human consumption Prohibit non-ambulatory disabled cattle from slaughter for human consumption SRMs prohibited from human food SRMs prohibited from human food Tonsils, small intestine of cattle of all ages; brain, spinal cord, eyes, dorsal root ganglia, trigeminal ganglia of cattle >30 months Tonsils, small intestine of cattle of all ages; brain, spinal cord, eyes, dorsal root ganglia, trigeminal ganglia of cattle >30 months Mechanically separated meat prohibited from human food; process controls on AMR Mechanically separated meat prohibited from human food; process controls on AMR Carcass of animals sampled not passed for inspection until negative test results received Carcass of animals sampled not passed for inspection until negative test results received

BSE National Surveillance Plan GOAL: Obtain as many samples as possible from the targeted high-risk population in a month period

BSE Surveillance Plan Targeting population where disease is most likely to be diagnosed – most efficient Targeting population where disease is most likely to be diagnosed – most efficient Assumption if we cannot find disease in targeted – or most likely – population, even more unlikely to be found in non-targeted population Assumption if we cannot find disease in targeted – or most likely – population, even more unlikely to be found in non-targeted population Use data obtained to extrapolate information about broader cattle population Use data obtained to extrapolate information about broader cattle population

BSE – Targeted Surveillance Non-ambulatory animals Dead stock Field CNS Cases and on-farm suspects Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory data Public health laboratories Ante-mortem condemns at slaughter

BSE Surveillance – May 1990 – FY2004 ( thru 5/31/2004) 20,543 19, ,

Surveillance: NVSL Bovine Brain Submissions FY (through 5/31/04)

Enhanced BSE Surveillance Total – ELISA and IHC tests conducted since June 1, 2004 – through October 10 Total – ELISA and IHC tests conducted since June 1, 2004 – through October 10 All negative results (2 inconclusives) All negative results (2 inconclusives)81,349 (79,766 ELISA and 1,583 IHC)