Vocabulary Review The Nervous System. Peripheral nervous system Cranial and spinal nerves outside the central nervous system Central nervous system Consists.

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Presentation transcript:

Vocabulary Review The Nervous System

Peripheral nervous system Cranial and spinal nerves outside the central nervous system Central nervous system Consists of the brain and spinal cord Neuron A nerve cell Nerve impulse Electrochemical process that communicates within the nervous system Dendrite Part of the neuron that receives input from other neurons Axon Carries nerve impulses away from the cell body of a neuron

Nerve Bundle of axons or nerve cell fibers Sensory receptor Specialized structure associated with the peripheral end of a sensory neuron specific to detecting a particular sensation and triggering a nerve impulse in response Somatic nervous system Motor pathways of the PNS that lead to skin and skeletal muscle Autonomic nervous system Portion of the PNS that controls organs (viscera), smooth, and cardiac muscle Myelin Fatty covering that protects and insulates an axon Sensory neurons Nerve composed of sensory nerve fibers Interneurons Link motor and sensory neurons in the CNS Motor neurons Transmits impulses from the CNS to effector muscles or glands

Nerve pathway Route a nerve impulse travels Synapse Functional connection between an axon and a dendrite; wireless connection between neurons Neurotransmitter Chemical secreted at the end of an axon on to another neuron or effector muscle or gland Reflex arc Nerve pathway that forms the structural and functional basis for a reflex Reflex An automatic response to a stimulus Meninges 3 membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord Spinal nerves Nerves that branch from the spinal cord; part of the PNS

Cerebrum Larger portion of the brain that provides higher level mental functions Diencephalon Region of the brain containing the thalamus and hypothalamus; acts as a relay station for sensory input, as well as to maintain homeostasis Brain stem Includes the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the midbrain; connects brain to spinal cord Cerebellum Coordinates skeletal muscle movements

Elimination and Why 1. Write the list of words for each number down. 2. Mark out the one word that does not belong with the group. 3. Write one or two sentences to explain how the other three words are related. 1. Central nervous system, sensory neuron, cerebrum, brain stem 2. Sensory receptor, dendrite, autonomic nervous system, reflex arc 3. Peripheral nervous system, central nervous system, somatic nervous system, effector muscle