Workshop 1 Questions?

Tower and the Bridge 1 A New Art Form 2 The Ideals of Structural Art 3 The History of Structural Art 4 Engineering and Science 5 Structures and Machines 6 Structures and Architecture 7 The Three Dimensions of Structure 8 Structural Art and Society

1 A New Art Form Static technology and structures also important (as opposed to machines) no potholes! merging of art and technology –starts in a big way with industrial revolution –engineers can be artists –engineering art is not equal to architecture

2 The Ideals of Structural Art structural art is modern, not modern art emerges due to IR and in democracies freedom and discpline in balance efficiency – minimize materials economy – conserve public resources harsh times creates more advances efficiency and economy can equal ugly you need elegance!

3 The History of Structural Art eiffel tower splits architecture in to two periods prior to eiffel tower = iron post eiffel tower = architecture switches to art form, because of reinf. conc.?? post ww2 people look to architecture to overcome deficiencies in cities

4 Engineering and Science techonology and engineering are different from science –they have parallel activities, but –technology... building for (wo)man’s want or need –science generalizes knowledge – but engineering does not always follow... (gives examples where techonology does not always follow science)

5 Structures and Machines theme: structures and machines have strong relationship –need both, machines make structures, machines go in structures, infrastructure, –static v dynamic –technology equals no art? maybe/maybe not

6 Structures and Architecture some structures come directly from engineers structural design large scale / single use architecture – smaller scale with complex human usage – private house is archetype structural design as an art form separate from architecture? structural engineer not equal to architect modern materials at first introduction offend some in architecture (steel?) tech schools considered offensive by some

7 The Three Dimensions of Structure scientific-engineer –science vs. engineer redux –efficiency constrained by safety social-architect –society and public support constraints, $ –economy symbolic-sculptor –bridges are our most durable monuments (?) –elegance

8 Structural Art and Society when structure and form are one – life is good 3 s’s reviewed analysis/computers are not a substitute for human creativity very keen on design competitions materials have their own significance lots of political connections?

For structures which you encounter in the world around you, you should be able to: 1. explain qualitatively the means by which loads are transferred to the ground 2. evaluate the qualifications of the structure as a work of structural art 3. research the social, symbolic and scientific aspects of the structure and express your findings clearly in both written, graphical, and spoken form