Learning Target: analyze how Mohandas Gandhi lead a successful and peaceful revolution in India Do Now: Copy your vocabulary words in your glossary 1. Civil disobedience: is the active refusal to obey certain laws of a government without resorting to violence. 2. Mohandas Gandhi: was a major political and spiritual leader of India 3. Caste System: strict social class system in Hinduism

Struggle for Independence 1) India was a British colony since 1700’s 2) Amristar Massacre: April 13th, 1919 British soldiers fired on a group of peaceful, unarmed Indian protestors (379 killed and 1,100 wounded) 3) WWI *Many Indians fought in the British army in support of the Allies *They were promised more self government but after the war this never happened.

Amritsar Massacre, dead; over 1200 wounded!

Mohandas Gandhi From a middle class Hindu family   He was later called Mahatma or “Great Soul”  Studied law in India at 19, used his education to fight injustice against Indians in another British colony, South Africa Gandhi believed in civil disobedience

 He wanted an end to British rule as well as changes in India to the Hindu Caste system, he urged equal rights for all Indians   Methods: boycotts, creation and weaving of only Indian made products, non- violent methods, fasting and starvation   Salt March Gandhi marched with 75 other non violent protestors against the British salt tax which was attempting to create a British monopoly on the sale and production of salt

Young Gandhi

Gandhi as a Lawyer in Johannesburg, So. Africa

Salt March, 1930 Making Salt

Gandhi spinning cloth Indian weaving was ruined by the competition of British machine-made textiles!

Gandhi and His Grandaughters, 1947

Results Gandhi is successful!! India is divided into two new countries in 1947 –India for the Hindus –Pakistan for the Muslims * Gandhi is assassinated in 1948 because he supported peace between the Hindus and the Muslims

Partition!

Sort and Discuss Activity Directions: Work with your group to sort the sources at your table into Changes and Methods of Gandhi For each piece summarize what information you gained in your own words in the right column