* Property of STI Page 1 of 18 Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Software  Software: can be divided into:  systems software or system programs applications software or application programs  Types of Computer Software

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Functions of an Operating System  Operating Systems  collection of system programs and routines that reside in the computer’s memory functions: Schedule input and output operations Schedule work of jobs according to priority Communicate with the human operator Handle interruptions and monitor system status Log the jobs that are finished and currently being executed Control system access and data security functions Facilitate in locating and debugging errors Handle multiprogramming, so that several programs can run at the same time

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Functions of an Operating System  Operating Systems  stored in a secondary storage device known as a system residence device in the early days when magnetic tape drives are still used as storage devices, operating systems that are stored in magnetic tapes are called Tape Operating Systems if the operating system is stored in a magnetic disk it is called a Disk Operating System (DOS) Resident Storage Device

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Structure of an Operating System

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Programs that Make Up an Operating System  Control Programs - manage the overall system operations and perform tasks such as scheduling, input/output handling, monitoring of system status and communication with the programmer Supervisor Program Input/Output Control System Service Programs - are subprograms or routines that are frequently used by the programmer Language Translator Programs Librarian Programs Utility Programs Diagnostic Programs

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Survey of an Operating System  MS-DOS The Windows Family of Operating Systems Windows 1.0, 2.0, 3.1 and 3.11 Windows NT and Windows 2000 Windows 95, 98, ME and XP UNIX and Linux

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Survey of an Operating System What’s the best-selling operating system?  Microsoft Windows is being used on over 80 percent of the world’s personal computers. Windows has evolved through several versions, since its introduction.

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Survey of an Operating System

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Survey of an Operating System What’s the best-selling operating system?  Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows ME and Windows XP provide basic networking capabilities, making them appropriate for small networks in homes and businesses. Windows NT, Windows 2000, and Windows XP Professional are typically classified as server operating systems.

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Survey of an Operating System Is Mac OS similar to Windows?  Both operating systems base their user interfaces on the graphical model that was originated at Xerox PARC. Both Mac and Windows interfaces use a mouse to point and click various icons and menus. Both also provide basic networking capabilities. Though the selection is not as vast as the collection of Windows, a collection of software is available for computers that run Mac OS.

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Survey of an Operating System Are UNIX and Linux the same?  UNIX gained a good reputation for its dependability in multi-user environments. Many versions of UNIX became available for mainframes and microcomputers. Linux is distributed under the terms of a General Public License (GPL), allowing everyone to make copies for their own use, to give others, or to sell.

* Property of STI Page 12 of 18 Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Survey of an Operating System Are UNIX and Linux the same?  Linux shares several technical features with UNIX. Linux is considered to be a popular operating system for , web-servers and local area networks. Linux has been gaining popularity as a desktop operating system.

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Survey of an Operating System Why do I keep hearing about DOS?  DOS was the first operating system and its cryptic command-line user interface left an indelible impression. The remnants of DOS still linger in the world of personal computers, because it provides part of the operating system kernel for Windows versions 3.1, 95, 98 and ME. Users rarely interact with DOS, because it is well hidden by the Windows graphical user interface. DOS is nothing more than footnotes in the history of the computer industry.

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Application Software An Overview of Application Software  Word Processing  a term used in manipulating text or words in a file  Basic features:  insert text  delete text cut and paste copy page size and margins search and replace word wrap Print  Advanced features:  file management font specifications footnotes and cross-references graphics headers, footers, and page numbering layout merges spell checker tables of contents and indexes thesaurus windows WYSIWYG

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Application Software Microsoft Word

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Application Software  Spreadsheet  computer programs especially designed to display information graphically and allow files and data to be manipulated easily an electronic ledger sheet on which data are entered MS Excel Spreadsheet Program

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Application Software  Database Management  application software packages that computerize the everyday task of recording, processing, filing, and manipulation of information in the database Database : a collection of information organized in such a way that a computer program can quickly select desired pieces of information (or data); like an electronic filing system  Basic features:  To add or delete information within a file To search a file for some information based on some criteria To update information from within a file To sort information into some order To generate a printout or reports

Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Application Software  Graphics Software Packages  designed to allow the user to display images on a computer monitor or to print the images on a printer  Examples of graphic applications:  paint programs illustration/design programs presentation graphics software animation software CAD software desktop publishing