Research Design Overview Heather M. Gray, Ph.D. January 26, 2010 Research Methods for the Social Sciences: An Introductory Course.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 1 (con’t) Psychology & Science
Advertisements

Non-experimental Designs
Chapter 2: The Research Process
CHAPTER 1 Thinking Critically with Psychological Science.
Introduction to Sociology, 5/e © 2012 BVT Publishing.
OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH METHODS l How are Research Methods Important? How are Research Methods Important? l What is Descriptive Research? What is Descriptive.
Statistics Micro Mini Threats to Your Experiment!
Doing Social Psychology Research
Agenda for January 25 th Administrative Items/Announcements Attendance Handouts: course enrollment, RPP instructions Course packs available for sale in.
OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH METHODS
RESEARCH METHODS IN EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
Research Methods AP Psych – Chapter 2 Psychology’s Scientific Method
Chapter 2 Research Methods. The Scientific Approach: A Search for Laws Empiricism: testing hypothesis Basic assumption: events are governed by some lawful.
Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research
Research Methods Purpose: To Reach a Specific Goal Describe a phenomenon Predict future or past behavior Control current or future behavior and thinking.
© 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter 2 Psychology’s Scientific Method.
Chapter 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology
Chapter 1 Psychology as a Science
Chapter 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology
Chapter 2 Research Methods. The Scientific Approach: A Search for Laws Empiricism: testing hypothesis Basic assumption: events are governed by some lawful.
Research Methods in Human Sexuality
PowerPoint presentation to accompany Research Design Explained 6th edition ; ©2007 Mark Mitchell & Janina Jolley Chapter 7 Introduction to Descriptive.
Research Methods Irving Goffman People play parts/ roles
History & Research Research Methods Unit 1 / Learning Goal 2.
CHAPTER 2: PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE Amber Gilewski Tompkins Cortland Community College “I have not failed. I have just found 10,000 things that do not work.”
How is Psychology Conducted?. The Need For Psychological Science  Common Sense and Intuition  What is common sense?  How does it effect intuition?
Descriptive and Causal Research Designs
THE RESEARCH METHODS USED IN PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH ENTERPRISE IN PSYCHOLOGY.
Chapter 1: The Research Enterprise in Psychology.
Chapter 2 Psychology’s Scientific Method
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 1 Research Methods in Psychology.
Correlational Studies Naturalistic Observations Case Studies Surveys Looking for Links: Descriptive/Correlational Research.
© 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. with snazzy editions by Mrs. Short Chapter 2 Psychology’s Scientific Method.
Chapter 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology.
Chapter 2 The Research Enterprise in Psychology. Table of Contents The Scientific Approach: A Search for Laws Basic assumption: events are governed by.
The Scientific Method in Psychology.  Descriptive Studies: naturalistic observations; case studies. Individuals observed in their environment.  Correlational.
+ Research Methods CYPA AP Psychology Review Session 2.
Interaction Effects and Theory Testing Kaiser et al. (2006) social identity theory –tested hypotheses about attention to prejudice cues in the environment.
Week 1 Introduction to Psychology. Chapter 1 Overview Exploring psychology’s roots Exploring psychology’s roots Schools of thought in psychology Schools.
Assumes that events are governed by some lawful order
Unit Two: Methods Psychology. How do Psychologists use the Scientific Method? Do Now: What is the Scientific Method?
1 Experimental Research Cause + Effect Manipulation Control.
Using the scientific method Psych 231: Research Methods in Psychology.
Research Methods In Psychology Mrs. Andrews. Psychology… The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
What is Psychology?. Psychology is… The science that studies behavior and the physiological and cognitive processes that underlie behavior It is empirical.
Review of Research Methods. Overview of the Research Process I. Develop a research question II. Develop a hypothesis III. Choose a research design IV.
Module 2: Psychology & Science. Research Method Tool for answering questions 3 Types –Survey –Case study –Experiment.
Methods of Research. 1. Laboratory Experiments Research in lab setting Research in lab setting Researcher can be objective and usually provides accurate.
 Variables – Create an operational definition of the things you will measure in your research (How will you observe and measure your variables?) 
EXPERIMENTS AND EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Introduction to Educational Psychology. What is Educational Psychology? Branch of psychology whose primary goal is the understanding and improvement of.
Psychological Research Chapter One. Pre-Assessment Answer the following questions with the best of your ability! 1) Can we study behavior? How? Why would.
AP Psychology Unit 1: Science of Psychology Essential Task 1-4: Differentiate types of Research with regard to purpose, strengths and weaknesses -Descriptive.
Exploring Social Psychology by David G. Myers 7th Edition
Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research
DESCRIPTIVE METHODS Methods that yield descriptions of behavior but not necessarily causal explanations.
Research in Psychology Chapter Two 8-10% of Exam AP Psychology.
 Basic assumption: events are ___________ by some lawful order  Goals: › _________ and description › Understanding and _________ › ____________ and.
Week 3 Research Method in Abnormal Psychology. Scientific Study Systematic attempts to test our assumptions based on the following steps: 1. Formulating.
BHS Methods in Behavioral Sciences I April 7, 2003 Chapter 2 – Introduction to the Methods of Science.
Chapter Two Psychological Science. RESEARCH GOALS Basic Research Answers fundamental questions about behavior – e.g., how nerves conduct impulses from.
Chapter 2 Research Methods Please fill in your slides as we proceed.
Chapter 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology.
Module 1 Lesson 6 Research in Psychology Title: Kids at table doing experiment Author: Rejon Source: Openclipart il/38305/kids-at-table-
Module 1 Lesson 6 Research in Psychology Title: Kids at table doing experiment Author: Rejon Source: Openclipart il/38305/kids-at-table-
Psychological Science
Research Methods in I/O Psychology
© 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Psychological Science
AS Psychology Research Methods
Presentation transcript:

Research Design Overview Heather M. Gray, Ph.D. January 26, 2010 Research Methods for the Social Sciences: An Introductory Course

Today’s Plan Lecture: The 5 basic types of research approaches in the social sciences Interactive exercise #1: Does watching too much TV kill you? Interactive exercise #2: Name that Method (time permitting)

Primary Sources Rosenthal, R. & Rosnow, R. L. (1991). Essentials of Behavioral Research: Methods and Data Analysis Research Methods: The Laboratory /login.html

5 Basic Approaches Experiments Everything Else CorrelationNaturalistic Observation SurveyCase Study

Experiments Description: Manipulating a variable to see if it changes a second variable Independent variable Dependent variable X Y

Experiments Strengths: Cause-and-effect relationships, IF: Statistical conclusion validity Construct validity Internal validity External validity

Experiments Limitations: Necessary trade-offs “Truth accrues, error cancels out” (attributed to Robert Rosenthal) RigorRelevance

Experiments Limitations: Not always practical Not always ethical

5 Basic Approaches Experiments Everything Else CorrelationNaturalistic Observation SurveyCase Study

Correlation Description: No manipulation Designed to determine degree and direction of relationship between two variables X Y

Correlation Strength: No manipulation Useful for prediction

Correlation Limitations: Correlation cannot prove causation

5 Basic Approaches Experiments Everything Else CorrelationNaturalistic Observation SurveyCase Study

Naturalistic Observation Description: Careful observation and recording of some behavior or phenomenon Over a prolonged time In its natural setting Without interference

Naturalistic Observation Strengths: Observation of behavior as it occurs naturally Limited opportunity for experimenter effects Can yield hypotheses for future experimental investigation

Naturalistic Observation Limitations: Descriptive method, not explanatory Time intensive Difficulty of observing behavior without disrupting it Coding issues

5 Basic Approaches Experiments Everything Else CorrelationNaturalistic Observation SurveyCase Study

Survey Description: Descriptive study Inferences drawn from interviews or questionnaires Different types of questions Forced-choice Open-ended

Survey Strength: When constructs are difficult to observe directly Standardization Cost-effective Relatively quick

Survey Limitations: No cause-and-effect conclusions Reliance on self-reports Deception Poor memory Misunderstanding of question Lack of insight Predicting behavior?

5 Basic Approaches Experiments Everything Else CorrelationNaturalistic Observation SurveyCase Study

Case Study Description: In-depth descriptive record of an individual or small group of individuals Biographical data, medical records, family history, observations, interviews, psychological tests

Case Study Strengths: Provide detailed, contextual view If long term, helpful in understanding developmental issues Helpful in generating hypotheses for future testing

Case Study Limitations: Not explanatory; no cause-and-effect relationships Behavior can be observed but not explained Lack of generalizability Issues re: retrospective data

Take-home point #1 On choosing your own research method Don’t be limited to just one approach Use combination of approaches to help correct for inherent weaknesses

Take-home point #2 On being an educated consumer of research Are conclusions warranted by the study design? Example…

Interactive Exercise #1 How else could we have addressed this question? Naturalistic observation Survey Case study Experiment?

Interactive Exercise #2 Name that Method

Feedback: Privacy Policy Feedback
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
About project: SlidePlayer Terms of Service

© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc. All rights reserved.