- Rohan Dhamnaskar. Overview  What is a Supercomputer  Some Concepts  Couple of examples.

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Presentation transcript:

- Rohan Dhamnaskar

Overview  What is a Supercomputer  Some Concepts  Couple of examples.

sōō'p ə r-k ə m-pyōō't ə r

Supercomputer  Dictionary definition: a very fast, powerful mainframe computer, used in advanced military and scientific applications.  For our sake: Computer SYSTEM designed to operate at super high speeds which can perform complex calculations that would require greater than a year for a normal computer.

Measuring Performance  FLOPS: FL oating point O perations P er S econd Usually prefixed by an SI unit of magnitude ○ Megaflops, Gigaflops, Teraflops, Petaflops ○ Usual 3GHz processor ~ 6 GFLOPS.  LINPACK: A Benchmark software library written in FORTRAN to compute a n x n systems of Linear Algebra. (MATH 129A!)  The result is reported in MFLOPS.

Parallel Processing Architechures

Cluster Architecture  Each Computer (Node) is a complete Computer  Connected to each other via a high speed bus  Job broken up into blocks of data and executed independently.  Cheap and easy to produce.

SDSU Supercomputers - DataStar  IBM Power4+ based  Performance: 15.6 teraflops (Overall)  ~ 6.2 teraflops each ( 4 separate cluster sets)  Processors: 2528 IBM p-Series (1.5 ~ 1.7 GHz)  Memory: 7.3 TB  Storage: 180 TB

SDSU Supercomputers - Intimidata  IBM BG/L eServer (Blue Gene System)  Performance: 17.2 teraflops (Overall) teraflops (LINPACK)  Processors: 6144 PowerPC (700 MHz / 2 processors per Node)  Memory: 1.5 TB  Storage: 25 TB

Virginia Tech – System X  1110 Xserve G5 servers  Performance: teraflops (Overall) 10 teraflops (LINPACK)  Processors: 2200 PowerPC (2.3 GHz / 2 processors per Node)  Memory: 4.3 TB  Storage: 16 TB  CHEAP!!!

Uses  Supercomputers are mainly used to simulate: DNA / Protein Structures (Biology / Bioinformatics) Molecular Dynamics (Chemistry) Fluid Dynamics and Turbulence (Physics) Earthquake and Seismic activity (Geology) Fourier Transforms and Algebraic Systems (Mathematics) Global warming patterns (Environmental Sciences) Virtual CAD/CAM Design (Engineering) Solar atmosphere and Supernova Dynamics (Astronomy) NO COMPUTER SCIENCE ???

Multiprocessor Architecture I/O Port Device Controller CPU Memory CPU BUSBUS

Multiprocessor Architecture  2 to 8 processors (cores)  Communication via Memory and System bus  Large memory. (Memory Pool)  Still Cheaper but lacks performance.  Uses: Workstations, Application Servers, Gaming!!!

AMD Phenom – Quad Core  Processor Speed: 2.3 GHz (2 MB L2 + 2 MB L3 on chip)  Processor – Processor Bandwidth: 27.2 GB/s  Front Side Bus: Upto1066MHz  Uses : Gaming / Server

…..Thank you

Further Info.  VirginiaTech Advanced Reasearch Computing Center.  San Diego Supercomputing Center.  AMD Multicore Technology.  LINPACK.  Lecture Notes: Parallel Computing. Dr. Lee.