Unit 3: The US Emerges as a World Power Chapter 10 Essential Question: Explain what economic and military factors are necessary for a country to become a world power ?

10-1: Imperialism in America 3 CAUSES OF US IMPERIALISM: 1. Increasing military might – In response to growing military might of other nations, the US begins expanding the size of its navy 2. Expanding trade – The industrial revolution allowed US industries to produce more goods than Americans could consume – The US also needed access to greater amounts of raw materials – The expansion of foreign trade would solve both problems 3. Desire to expand American democracy and culture – Americans believed that it was our duty to bring our civilization to other nations 2

10-2: The Spanish-American War The Spanish-American War Anti- Spanish sentiment in Cuba leads to Cuba’s second war for independence from Spain The US enters into the war when the De Lome letter is published (which criticized the president) and the U.S.S. Maine is bombed 3

The Spanish-American War The War Ends The Treaty of Paris – The US and Spain signed a peace agreement that transferred control of the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico to the US 4

Acquiring New Lands The US in China – China had come to be dominated by many European nations – The US, concerned that China would be carved up like much of the rest of the world, asked the leaders of Europe to maintain an “open-door” to Chinese trade The Open-Door Policy – America believed that our economic livelihood depended on foreign trade – Leaders believed that the US had the right to intervene abroad (overseas) in order to keep China’s markets open 5

America as a World Power The Building of the Panama Canal – The US had been considering the creation of canal through Central America in order to promote trade and increase US naval might – The problem Columbia, who controlled the region, refused to give the US permission The US sponsored a revolution in Columbia to overthrow the government After succeeding, the US began work on the canal 6

7

America as a World Power The Big Stick Diplomacy/Roosevelt Corollary (Roosevelt-foreign policy) – South and Central America nations borrowed huge sums of money from European nations to industrialize – The US feared that if our southern neighbors would be unable to pay off their debts to Europe, the Europeans may try to make land claims as compensation – The US issued a warning (the BS/RC) that informed the Europeans that the US was willing to use force if necessary to protect its interests in the West 8

America as a World Power Dollar Diplomacy (Taft - foreign policy) – President Taft used US businesses to keep Europeans out of the Western Hemisphere – When a South American country was unable to pay its debt to Europe, Taft arranged for US bankers to loan money to the government in exchange for control over the customs taxes and a state controlled railroad 9

America as a World Power Missionary/Moral Diplomacy (Wilson- foreign policy) – President Wilson felt the US had a moral responsibility to ignore any Latin American government viewed as oppressive or undemocratic – He did not want to deal with any country hostile to US interest 10

Unit 3: WWI Chapter 11 Essential Question: How might a global conflict, like WWI, change how people live in America?

World War I The Start of WWI – After a decade of unstable alliances and military buildups, World War I was triggered in 1914 by the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand. – Alliances bring multiple European nations into war with each other 12

World War I The US is drawn into the war – Germany sends a fleet of German U-boats (submarines) to attack ships attempting to import goods to Britain – A US passenger ship carrying goods to Britain was sunk with 128 Americans on board – As a result, many Americans called for the US to join the war – The war begins on July 28,

World War I Expansion of Government Power ─Espionage and Sedition Acts Because of growing protest against the war, the ESA was passed that fined or imprisoned anyone who spoke out against the war -- War Economy To fight the war, the US needed the help of industry. The economy changed from making consumer goods to making weapons and war supplies. 14

World War I WWI Ends The war ends on November 11, 1918 The Treaty of Versailles – World leaders met at the Palace of Versailles, just outside Paris, to discuss plan for lasting peace between nations. Representatives of the US, France, Britain, and Italy, met to decide what punishments, if any, Germany would face. The Big Four – Wilson- US – Clemenceau- France – George- Britain – Orlando- Italy – Germany and Russia were not invited ─Wilson wanted to build cooperation between the nations, but the European nations wanted heavy reparations towards Germany 15

World War I Provisions of the Treaty Created new nations out of lands liberated from Germany (Russia lost much of its land). Germany was forced to surrender its military. Germany would be forced to pay War Reparations to France. Germany would have to take the blame for starting the war (The War-Guilt Clause). A League of Nations would be created. 16