IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December Integrated water resources management in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 7|12|2004 Ivan Zavadsky, Project Manager

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December THE DANUBE RIVER BASIN the most international basin in the world »10% of Europe »81 Mio Inhabitants »18 Countries »diverse cultures »particular situation of transition countries and new EU members and candidates »regional social and economic disparities

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December Economic Indicators GDP on PPP, 2002, €/capita 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 DEATCZSKHUSIHRCSBABGROMDUA

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December Annual Nitrogen load in the Danube by countries of origin, 1999

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December GEF SUPPORT TO THE PROCESS OF COOPERATION IN THE DANUBE BASIN » Environmental Programme for the Danuber River Basin (EPDRB) – GEF Institutional Development Project »1994/98 Danube River Protection Convention (1994) »Danube Pollution Reduction Programme (EPDRB phase 2) – TDA & SAP »Danube Regional Project 2001 – 2007 in the frame of the Danube – Black Sea Strategic Partnership

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December DANUBE REGIONAL PROJECT A Summary of Project Activities »Strengthening Institution(s) – regional level (ICPDR), national level, other stakeholders; »Improving Management Tools – river basin management, Danube GIS, economic instruments; »Developing Policies – agriculture, industry, land-use and wetlands, phosphate detergents; »Promoting Public Participation – NGO strengthening, Small Grants Programme, public participation and access to information; »Implementing Pilot Projects – river basin management, agriculture, wetlands

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December COOPERATION IN THE DANUBE RIVER BASIN Danube River Protection Convention – DRPC »The legal frame for co-operation to assure protection of water and ecological resources and their sustainable use in the Danube River Basin »signed: 29 June 1994, Sofia / in force: 22 October 1998 International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River - ICPDR »Mechanism for cooperation »13 contracting parties, including EC »Implementation framework for the DRP

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December ST DANUBE TRANSBOUNDARY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGIC ACTION PLAN (GEF DPRP 1998) CORE PROBLEM »Ecologically Unsustainable Development and Inadequate Water Resources Management in the Danube River Basin DIRECT CAUSES »Municipalities: Inadequate management of waste water »Industry: Ecologically unsustainable industrial and mining activities »Agriculture: Inadequate land management and improper agricultural practices »Wetlands and floodplains: loss of wetlands and floodplains

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December ICPDR response to the SAP Joint Action Programme

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December  Emission inventory and pollution reduction  Restoration of wetlands and flood plains  Transnational Monitoring Network (TNMN)  Priority substances/recommendations on BAT & BEP  Accident warning system (AEWS) and prevention  Flood control and sustainable flood prevention  Domestic and basin wide water balance  River Basin Management and implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive POLICES AND STRATEGIES OF THE JAP

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December INVESTMENTS AND EXPECTED RESULTS OF THE JOINT ACTION PROGRAMME Investments:  Municipal wastewater collection & treatment:3.709 billion USD  Industrial waste water treatment:0.276 billion USD  Agricultural projects and land use:0.113 billion USD  Rehabilitation of wetlands:0.323 billion USD Nitrogen reduction: from point sources : 58,600 t/y from diffuse sources : 60,000 t/y total emission reduction : 22 % Phosphorus reduction: from point sources : 12,000 t/y from diffuse sources : 4,000 t/y total emission reduction : 33 %

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December KEY DRIVERS FOR POLICY CHANGES AND JOINT ACTIONS »Reduction of nutrients input into the Black Sea – GEF Danube – Black Sea Strategic Partnership »EU Accession Process »EU Water Framework Directive

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December GEF DANUBE – BLACK SEA STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP Summary of objectives 1.Adopting and implementing of new policies, institutional and regulatory measures for nutrient reduction, 2.Implementing investment projects for water pollution reduction, 3.Capacity building for water pollution management including monitoring systems, 4.Adopting of legal mechanisms at national and regional level (Conventions) to control nutrient releases to the Black Sea, 5.Reinforcing international cooperation for nutrient reduction measures, 6.Implementing pilot project for nutrient reduction with active involvement of stakeholders.

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December US$70M GEF grants in 3 tranches ( ) Combination of investments and policy reforms in individual countries Focused on nutrient reduction from municipal, industrial and agricultural sources GEF DANUBE – BLACK SEA STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP Investment Fund Snapshot

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December Focused regional framework for countries’ investments addressing eutrophication Streamlined GEF project approval Leveraging over US$400M of co-financing Access to international best practice Catalytic effect among donors: DABLAS, EU ISPA and associated country funds, DISF, BSIF, bilateral donors GEF DANUBE – BLACK SEA STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP Investment Fund Value Added

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December TitleGEF GrantCo-Funding Leveraged Ratio (GEF:Other) Under Implementation Bulgaria Wetlands Restoration and Nutrient Reduction : 0.8 Romania Agricultural Pollution Control : 1.1 Moldova Agricultural Pollution Control : 1.2 Turkey Watershed Management : 5.4 Under Preparation Bosnia Water Quality Protection (Board approval CY2005) : 2.9 Croatia Zagreb Municipal Nutrient Reduction (CY2005) : 25 Hungary Nutrient Reduction (CY2006) : 2.3 Moldova Environmental Protection (CY2006) : 2.4 Russia Krasnodar Agricultural Pollution Control (CY2005) : 1.4 Russia Rostov Nutrient Discharges and Methane Emissions (CY2005) : 2.7 Serbia Danube River Enterprise Pollution Reduction (CY2005) : 1.2 Ukraine Integrated Coastal Zone Management (CY2006) : 2.0 Total : 4.6 PARTNERSHIP INVESTMENT FUND PROJECTS

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December KEY DRIVERS FOR POLICY CHANGES AND JOINT ACTIONS EU Accession Process »Political and legal base for implementation and enforcement of EU legislation »Sets targets and priorities for candidate and applicant countries »Framework for donors activities and internatinal assistance in meeting environmental objectives

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December KEY DRIVERS FOR POLICY CHANGES AND JOINT ACTIONS EU Water Framework Directive »sets uniform standards in water policy and integrates different policy areas involving water issues, »requires a river basin approach for the development of integrated and coordinated river basin management, »stipulates a defined time-frame for the achievement of the good status of surface water and groundwater, »introduces the economic analysis of water use in order to estimate the most cost-effective combination of measures in respect to water uses, »includes public participation in the development of river basin management plans ( active involvement of stakeholders, non- governmental organisations and citizens).

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December KEY DRIVERS FOR POLICY CHANGES AND JOINT ACTIONS EU Water Framework Directive -cont »objective of nutrient reduction entirely consistent with expected outcomes of EU WFD, »Pressures and Impact Analysis strengthens the TDA approach »detail River Basin Management Plans provide concrete programme how pollution will be reduced involving policy and investment measures at transboundary and national levels »EU WFD RBM Plan contain all potential SAP components »legal obligation and enforcement mechanisms for implementation of RBM plans »EU WFD is fully consistent with the GPA approach and both processes are mutually supportive

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December TDA/WFD Transition Key Problems Identified Pressures and Impact Assessment in the DRB »Organic pollution due to insufficient treatment of waste-water from municipalities »Nutrient loads still well above the levels of 1955 »Hazardous substances »Hydromorphological alterations

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December TDA/WFD Transition Key Problems Identified to be approved at the Ministerial Meeting – Vienna, 13 December 2004

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December INTEGRATED APPROACH OF TRANSBOUNDARY ANALYSIS ADDRESSING DIFFERENT USES OF DRB WATER RESOURCES »Detail characterisation of surface and ground waters »Identification of pressures and their causes: »Pollution »Hydromorphological alterations due to flood protection, power generation, navigation, etc »Other anthropogenic pressures »Assessment on rivers, lakes, coastal waters and their ecosystems »Inventory of protected areas (biodiversity) »Economic analysis of water uses »Public information and consultation

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December FUTURE PROGRAMME OF MEASURES Next steps are to integrate the results of the pressure and impact analysis with the results of the economic analysis of water uses in order to develop a coherent and integrated programme of measures, by 2009, for the water bodies at risk of failing to reach the environmental objectives

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December CONCLUSIONS »DRB Countries made significant progress in establishing the necessary mechanisms for coordination and cooperation in transboundary context »Danube countries strongly committed to cooperate »The EU WFD: driving force and mechanism for support of integrated water management »The ICPDR forum for dialogue, understanding and action »The active involvement of the public is a core principle in IWRM »TDA/SAP / WFD approach led to balancing of different uses of the Danube

IWRM in the Danube River Basin Tokyo, 8th December FOR MORE INFORMATION