Bio 449Lecture 23Nov. 1, 2010 Respiratory Physiology III Alveolar gas composition Atmospheric gases Partial pressures Effects of ventilation pattern Anatomical dead space Alveolar gases Blood Gas Transport I Blood composition Overview Hemoglobin Diffusion of gases Partial pressures II Alveolar-blood gradients Oxygen transport Oxygen affinity Terms to Know Partial pressure Tidal volume Anatomical dead space Minute ventilation Alveolar ventilation Plasma Erthyrocytes (red blood cells or RBC's) Hematocrit Hemoglobin Heme Globin Oxygen carrying capacity Oxygen affinity Oxygen saturation curve Readings Lectures 23-24: Chapter 16, pages Chapter 18

Alveolar gas composition Atmospheric gases

Partial pressures

Alveolar ventilation

Fig mL mL 2200 mL 150 mL 2200 mL 150 mL

Alveolar gases

Blood Gas Transport Blood composition

100% 58% plasma volume 42% packed red cell volume <1% white cells MALESFEMALES Hematocrit 40%–54%37%–47% Hemoglobin (g Hb/dL* blood) 14–1712–16 Red cell count (cells/µL) 4.5–6.5 x –5.6 x 10 6 Total white cell count (cells/µL) 4–11 x 10 3 Differential white cell count Neutrophils 50%–70% Eosinophils 1%–4% Basophils<1% Lymphocytes 20%–40% Monocytes 2%–8% Platelets (per µL) 150–450 x 10 3 *1 deciliter (dL) = 100 mL Fig. 16-3

Blood composition Fig BLOOD Gases such as Plasma Ions Trace elements and vitamins O2O2 CO 2 Proteins Glucose Lipids Nitrogenous waste Globulins Fibrinogen Amino acids Albumins Organic molecules Water is composed of

Blood composition Cellular elements Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets Lymphocytes Monocytes Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils include m BLOOD is composed of Fig. 16-1

Hemoglobin   Chain Heme group R = additional C, H, O groups Porphyrin ring  Chain Fig. 18-8

Diffusion of gases

Oxygen transport