Chapter29 -Result Clauses

Latin uses a subordinate subjunctive clause to express result. Latin uses a subordinate subjunctive clause to express result.

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses Positive results are expressed using: Positive results are expressed using: ut + SUBJUNCTIVE Negative results are expressed using: Negative results are expressed using: ut non + SUBJUNCTIVE

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses The main clause of a sentence commonly contains an adjective or adverb that sets up the result. The main clause of a sentence commonly contains an adjective or adverb that sets up the result.

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses These adjectives and adverbs include: These adjectives and adverbs include: talis = such talis = such tam = so tam = so tantus = so great tantus = so great ita = so ita = so sic = so sic = so adeo = so far/much adeo = so far/much usque (eo) = as far as usque (eo) = as far as

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses The presence of one of these words will make it obvious that it is a result clause. The presence of one of these words will make it obvious that it is a result clause.

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses It is raining so hard that the streets are flooding. It is raining so hard that the streets are flooding. It is raining so hard with the result that the streets are flooding. It is raining so hard with the result that the streets are flooding.

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses She studied Latin soooo diligently that she knew it like a Roman. She studied Latin soooo diligently that she knew it like a Roman. Look for ita, tam, sīc (so), tantus (so much, so great) in the main clause. Look for ita, tam, sīc (so), tantus (so much, so great) in the main clause. Then look for an ut and a subjunctive verb. Then look for an ut and a subjunctive verb.

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses If the clause describes a negative result, it will contain some negative word such as nōn, nihil, nēmō, numquam or nūllus. If the clause describes a negative result, it will contain some negative word such as nōn, nihil, nēmō, numquam or nūllus. Unlike the negative purpose clause, the negative result clause is not introduced by nē. Unlike the negative purpose clause, the negative result clause is not introduced by nē.

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses Remember that in English we lose the subjunctive translation of the verb in a result clause (no may or might). Remember that in English we lose the subjunctive translation of the verb in a result clause (no may or might).

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses Saltus erat angustus, ut paucī Graecī multōs mīlitēs prohibēre possent. The pass was narrow so that few Greeks were able to ward off many soldiers. Does this answer “why?” or “with what result?” Result Clause

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses Hoc magnā benevolentiā dīxit nē eōs offenderet. He said this with great benevolence so that he might not offend them. Does this answer “why?” or “with what result?” Purpose Clause

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses Hoc tantā benevolentiā dīxit ut eōs nōn offenderet. He said this with such great benevolence that he did not offend them. (notice the nōn) Does this answer “why?” or “with what result?” Result Clause

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses Strēnuē labōrat ut multa perficiat. He labors strenuously so that he may accomplish many things. Does this answer “why?” or “with what result?” Purpose Clause

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses Tam strēnuē labōrat ut multa perficiat. He labors so strenuously that he accomplishes many things. Does this answer “why?” or “with what result?” Result Clause

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses Haec fēcit ut urbem servāret. He did these things so that he might save the city. Does this answer “why?” or “with what result?” Purpose Clause

Chapter 29 -Result Clauses Tanta fēcit ut urbem servāret. He did such great things that he saved the city. Does this answer “why?” or “with what result?” Result Clause