7.1 States of Matter 1)Matter is anything that has mass and volume. 2)Mass is the quantity of matter a substance or object contains.  Mass is usually measured in grams (g) or kilograms (kg). 3)Volume is the amount of space taken up by a substance or object.  Volume is usually measured in millilitres (mL), litres (L), or cubic centimetres (cm 3 ). See pages

7.1 States of Matter The three familiar states (phases) of matter. See pages Fixed massFixed VolumeFixed Shape SolidYes LiquidYes No GasYesNo

The Kinetic Molecular Theory 1)Kinetic energy is the energy due to motion. 2)The Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) explains what happens to matter when the kinetic energy of the particles changes.  A theory provides a scientific explanation based on the results of experimentation. See page 249

The Kinetic Molecular Theory The main points of the kinetic molecular theory include: See page All matter is made of very small particles. 2.There is empty space between particles. 3.Particles are constantly moving. The particles are colliding with each other and the walls of their container. 4.Energy makes particles move. The more energy the particles have, the faster they move and further apart they get. Solid: Particles are so tightly packed together they cannot move freely. They can only vibrate. Liquid: Particles are farther apart and they can move by sliding past each other. Gas: Particles are very far apart and move around quickly.

Thermal Expansion and Contraction 1)Thermal expansion is the increase in volume of a substance when its temperature is raised. 1)Thermal contraction is the decrease in volume of a substance when its temperature is lowered. See page 250 The Difference Between Heat and Temperature 1)Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of all the particles in the substance. 2)Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between two material of different temperature.  Heat is always transferred from the substance with a higher temperature to the substance of a lower temperature. 3)Temperature is the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. See page 251

NameChange of State (from _ to _) Heat GainedHeat Lost MeltingSolid to liquid EvaporationLiquid to gas CondensationGas to liquid SolidificationLiquid to solid SublimationSolid to gas DepositionGas to solid