Civil War U.S. History

Differences Between North and South North –Diversified Industries –More manpower –Food productions –Railroad system –All of these where strengths for the Union. South –More veteran Generals. –Highly motivated soldiers –“King Cotton” –All of these where strengths for the Confederacy.

Strategies of the North and South North –3 part plan: Navy would blockade Southern ports, so nothing could be exported or imported. Union riverboats and armies would move down the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy. Union armies would capture the capital Richmond, Virginia. South –Mainly defensive Attack the North only if the opportunity arose.

Bull Run

Stonewall Jackson at Bull Run General Thomas J. Jackson –“There stands Jackson like a Stonewall.” –1 st Southern Victory –Many Southern soldiers thought they won the war and went home.!!

Ulysses S. Grant Union General 11 days—captured 2 Confederate forts: Fort Henry and Fort Donelson Helped to cut the Confederacy in two.

Robert E. Lee Confederate General Willing to go above and beyond to win. Rolled his plans to attack around some cigars and an union soldier found them.

Antietam Sept 17 Union and North battle. Bloodiest single-day battle in American history. More than 26,000 casualities. Union General McClellan didn’t move the next day on the South so Lincoln pulled him from command.

Lincoln’s use of Power Lincoln found a way to use his powers to abolish slavery. South was using the slaves to grow food and build necessary items. Lincoln ordered troops to seize the enemy’s resources. Soldiers could emancipate slaves; making emancipation a weapon of war.

Emancipation Proclamation January Please read on the exert in Chapter 4 section 2 Did not free slaves immediately Gave the war moral purpose Compromise was NO longer possible

Emancipation Proclamation January Please read on the exert in Chapter 4 section 2 Did not free slaves immediately Gave the war moral purpose Compromise was NO longer possible

Women in the War Clara Barton –American Red Cross –Cared for the sick and wounded on the front lines of battle. –Tried to help stop the spreading of diseases.

The War Effects Economics North –Expanded their economy –Food growing areas –Inflation rate rose –Woolen mills, steel foundries, and many more industries rose. –Wages didn’t keep up with the prices. –Standard of Living declined. South –Shattered their economy –Food shortages –Loss of field workers (Slaves) –Inflation rate rose –Standard of living declined –Congress decides to collect the nation’s 1 st income tax.

Vocabulary Terms Section 1 –Secession and popular sovereignty Section 2 –Conscription and income tax –Section 3 Thirteenth Amendment and John Wilkes Booth

Battle of Gettysburg

Pennsylvania Most decisive battle in the war July 1 90,000 Union soldiers fought against 75,000 Confederate soldiers. 2 nd day the Confederate soldiers had taken control of the town. 3 day event: 23,000 Union men and 28,000 Confederates were killed and wounded. Please Read the last two paragraphs under the Battle of Gettysburg.

The Gettysburg Address

Gettysburg Address November 1863 Dedicate a cemetery in Gettysburg “remade America” in a two minute speech “ The United States are..” “The United States is..” It is one Unified Nation

Vicksburg

Vicksburg Was a Confederate Strong Hold on the Mississippi River Rested on the bluffs so guns controlled the water traffic. Spring of 1863 General Grierson (Union) troops destroyed rail lines and distracted the Confederacy Succeed in 18 days Food supply ran low—dog and mule Fell on July 4 th Five days later the last Confederate strong hold fell

William Sherman

Appointed by Grant In charge of the military division in Mississippi Total Warfare Raid Georgia

Sherman's March 1864 Georgia to the sea Burned almost every house in its path. Destroyed livestock and railroads. “so sick of war that generations would pass away before they would appeal to it.” Nov. burned almost all of Atlanta. 25,000 slaves follow back

Surrender at Appomattox

Appomattox April 3, 1865 Union troops conquered Richmond, Virginia Southerners left the day before burning the city so the North could not take it. April 9, 1865 Lee and Grant meet at a private home to arrange a surrender. Grant paroled Lee’s soldiers, sent them home with their possessions and 3 days rations. Officers got to keep their side arms. The Civil War was OVER!!!!!!!!!!!!

13 th Amendment Ratified at the end of 1865 “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States.”

Lincoln is Assassinated April 14, 1865 Five days after the surrender Ford’s Theater “Our American Cousin” John Wilkes Booth shot Lincoln

Still there are Problems How to restore the Southern states How to integrate 4 million newly freed AA into the national life

Still there are Problems How to restore the Southern states How to integrate 4 million newly freed AA into the national life