Early Aegean Civilization & The Rise of Hellenic Civilization.

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Presentation transcript:

Early Aegean Civilization & The Rise of Hellenic Civilization

Parthenon, Athens BC

Sir Arthur Evans, 1900 Discovered the Palace of Knossos (Minoan civilization)

Sea themes on Cretan pottery

North entrance of Palace of Knossos

The Throne Room of King Minor c 1600 BCE

The Queen’s Room…

Prince With Lilies, c BC The Fisherman, Crete, c 1400

Minoan ladies, 1400

Bull leaping Mural, Palace at Knossos

The Palace at Knossos, BC

Heinrich Schleiman

Homer, The Iliad

12 th C. : The Trojan Wars

Origin of the Trojan War

Helen, Paris and Aphrodite

The Lion’s Gate, 1350 BC Kyriakos Pittakis, 1841

The Treasury of Atreus c 1300 BCE

Pottery, swords, knives and 100’s of gold ornaments have been found Two sets of gravesites were discovered at Mycenae

Mycenaean Queen, c. 1350

Mycenaean bull, 1350 BCE

Invasions usher in a “Dark Age.” ( BC)

Mycenaean civilization disappeared- warfare, poverty, insecurity and isolation. Extensive trade ceased The knowledge of writing was forgotten Palace workshops were abandoned Art reflected primitive forms Simple burials No massive buildings/architecture Fewer water wells were dug

How did life change after 800 BC? “The Greek Renaissance” 800 – 600 BC Writing again became part of Greek culture (Phoenician script!) Population increased dramatically Urbanization quickened A merchant class emerged Colonies around the Mediterranean multiplied Overseas trade expanded Rise in use of metals

Hesiod, wrote The Theogony and Works & Days

The poet Homer: broke with the traditional treatment of the heroes of myth and legend Not just deeds and actions, but added what the hero thought and felt about his behavior Developed characters who were complex in their motives, who expressed emotions such as anger, vengeance, guilt, remorse and compassion.

The Polis… is the name for the independent city- state of the ancient Hellenes people.

The polis developed into a self-governing community… that expressed the will of free citizens, not the desires of gods, hereditary kings or priests.

The great Greek contribution to political life: Individual members shared a sense of belonging to and participating in the polis. Community problems are caused by human beings and require human solutions. Laws expressed the rational mind of the community to insure its will and needs are met.

Sparta: the ultimate military state

Spartan warriors, c. 450 BC

The ruins of Ancient Sparta

Athens, cradle of democracy

Draco Solon 620’sBC 570’sBC Pisistratus, 540’s BC Cleisthenes, 508 BC