And through a series of chemical reactions, break down these carbohydrates into simple sugars. Functions of Pancreatic Juice 1.Bicarbonate ions (HCO 3 – ) in pancreatic juice are basic, so they neutralize the excess acid in the chyme. 2.Pancreatic juice contains enzymes which break down proteins into amino acids. 3.Pancreatic juice contains enzymes which break down fats into fatty acids. 4.Pancreatic juice contains enzymes which break down carbohydrates into simple sugars. 5.Amino acids, fatty acids, and simple sugars can be absorbed into the bloodstream. This happens further down in the small intestine. carbohydrates

So we’ll summarize here that pancreatic juice brings enzymes that break down complex carbohydrates into simple sugars in the duodenum. Functions of Pancreatic Juice 1.Bicarbonate ions (HCO 3 – ) in pancreatic juice are basic, so they neutralize the excess acid in the chyme. 2.Pancreatic juice contains enzymes which break down proteins into amino acids. 3.Pancreatic juice contains enzymes which break down fats into fatty acids. 4.Pancreatic juice contains enzymes which break down carbohydrates into simple sugars. 5.Amino acids, fatty acids, and simple sugars can be absorbed into the bloodstream. This happens further down in the small intestine.

The amino acids, fatty acids, and simple sugars that are produced by chemical digestion in the duodenum can be absorbed into the bloodstream. This happens further down in the small intestine. Functions of Pancreatic Juice 1.Bicarbonate ions (HCO 3 – ) in pancreatic juice are basic, so they neutralize the excess acid in the chyme. 2.Pancreatic juice contains enzymes which break down proteins into amino acids. 3.Pancreatic juice contains enzymes which break down fats into fatty acids. 4.Pancreatic juice contains enzymes which break down carbohydrates into simple sugars. 5.Amino acids, fatty acids, and simple sugars can be absorbed into the bloodstream. This happens further down in the small intestine. amino acids fatty acids simple sugars

You may want to pause the video take a screen shot, and print this so you can use it to study from. Functions of Pancreatic Juice 1.Bicarbonate ions (HCO 3 – ) in pancreatic juice are basic, so they neutralize the excess acid in the chyme. 2.Pancreatic juice contains enzymes which break down proteins into amino acids. 3.Pancreatic juice contains enzymes which break down fats into fatty acids. 4.Pancreatic juice contains enzymes which break down carbohydrates into simple sugars. 5.Amino acids, fatty acids, and simple sugars can be absorbed into the bloodstream. This happens further down in the small intestine.

Now we’ll have a look at the rest of the small intestine.

We’ll imagine some of the chyme leaving the duodenum and moving through the rest of the small intestine. Most of the nutrients get absorbed as it slowly makes its way through.

Now, we’ll take a closer look at what is happening on the inside wall of the intestine…

As we zoom into the wall, we see it has finger-like projections on it.

These projections on the inside surface of the intestine are called villi. These are present throughout the whole small intestine. Having all these folds greatly increases the inner surface area of the intestine. Because nutrients are absorbed though this surface, the villi enhance our ability to absorb nutrients. villi

The cells covering the inner surface of the small intestine have very tiny, hair-like projections. These are called microvilli. The presence of these increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients by another huge factor. villi microvilli

Now, we’ll examine a single villus in more detail.

Small blood vessels go into each villus blood vessel