Physical Science Chapter 1 Notes. What is the goal of science? To understand the world around us How do we do this? By making observations.

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Presentation transcript:

Physical Science Chapter 1 Notes

What is the goal of science? To understand the world around us How do we do this? By making observations

What is Physical Science? It combines chemistry & physics

Chemistry the study of the properties, structure, and composition of substances and their reactions with one another

Physics the study of matter, energy, motion, and forces

Scientific Method 1.Problem 2.Research 3.Hypothesis 4.Experiment 5.Collect & Analyze Data 6.Conclusion

Experiments What is the control? What is the variable that you are changing? Be able to determine the difference between the dependent & independent variable. Be as precise & accurate as possible when making observations. Always use the proper units when collecting data. Create graphs to help visualize the changes.

Lab Safety Always follow directions! If you’re not sure – ASK! Dress appropriately – goggles & aprons when necessary – tie back hair & loose clothing. No food or drink! Wash hands before & after. Report accidents & spills immediately. Known location of first aid kit, B blanket, & fire extinguisher. Use caution with glassware, chemicals, fire & other heating elements. Be familiar with symbols on page 33.

Fact vs. Theory What is the difference between a fact & a theory? Some would answer that a fact has been proven and a theory has not. WRONG!!! BUT WAIT!!!! Proof is arriving at a logical conclusion based on the available evidence. As scientists develop more powerful instruments to study the world, additional tests & observations may prove a long- standing fact or theory incorrect

Fact vs. Theory FactFact = an observation about nature For example, the sun is a source of light & heat. So what? A scientist wants to know WHY & HOW? TheoryTheory = an idea, based on facts, that tries to explain the event Theories are not just guesses, they are time- tested concepts that make useful & dependable predictions about the natural world

Scientific Laws Rules that describe the behavior of nature Usually expressed in mathematical terms Describe things, but do not explain them Examples: –Newton’s laws of gravity –Kepler’s laws of planetary motion