Carbohydrate ________________: (one – simple sugar) C6H12O 6 Glucose - Green plants Galactose _____________ - Fruits Disaccharide: (two) C12H22O 11 ______________ - Table sugar Maltose - Malt Lactose - Milk sugar Polysaccharides: (many – complex sugar) Starch -Breads, potatoes ______________ - Maintains sugar levels _____________ - Structural support in plant - ______________ - C, H, O – 1:2:1 Building Block: Monosaccharide

Lipid Fatty acid tail types: ________________ - No double bonds - Solid state - Bad - Ex: butter (dairy) Unsaturated - Double bond - Liquid state - ____________ - Ex: vegetable oils ________________ - Many double bonds - Liquid state - Best - Ex: Peanut oil Sterols (4 carbon fused rings) ________________ Phospholipids - Comprised of: A. ___________________ - Hydrophobic tail B. Phosphate group - Hydrophilic head Phospholipids make up most of _____________ - ___________________ - Insulation - Cell membrane - Chemical messenger - C, H, O - Not soluble in water Building Block: Triglyceride: 3 fatty acids & _____________________

Protein Amino acids: _________________________ of amino acids R group is specific side chain Amino acids bonded together by _________ _________________ Amino acids joined together, form repeating units of _________ (the backbone of a protein) - Growth and repair - Movement - Cellular reactions (__________) - Structural - Regulatory - Transport - ____________________ - C, H, O, N Building Block: ____________________ (20 different kind)

Nucleic Acid DNA - two strands Nitrogen bases: Purines (2 rings) Adenine (A) Guanine (G) _____________ (___________) ____________ Cytosine (C) RNA Nitrogen bases Purine (2 rings) Adenine (A) Guanine (G) Pyrimidine (1 ring) ___________ Cytosine (C) - Heredity - Transmit information on how make proteins - C, H, O, N, P Building Block: Nucleotide 1. _________________ 2. Sugar (5-carbon) 3. Nitrogenous base