70-291: MCSE Guide to Managing a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network, Enhanced Chapter 5: Managing and Monitoring DHCP

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 2 Objectives Back up and restore DHCP databases Reconcile DHCP scopes Use the jetpack utility to repair a DHCP database View DHCP statistics Enable and interpret DHCP audit logs Configure conflict detection Bind the DHCP service to certain network cards View and interpret DHCP events in Event Viewer Troubleshoot common DHCP problems

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 3 Backing Up and Restoring DHCP Databases The DHCP Service should be reliable and have uncorrupted data Dhcp.mdb holds addressing info assigned to clients Dhcp.tmp is only present during maintenance operations J50.log and J50#####.log are transaction logs indicating changes to the DHCP database By default, the DHCP database is backed up every hour

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 4 Backing Up and Restoring DHCP Databases (continued)

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 5 Backing Up and Restoring DHCP Databases (continued)

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 6 Backing Up and Restoring DHCP Databases (continued)

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 7 Backing Up and Restoring DHCP Databases (continued)

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 8 Activity 5-1: Installing and Authorizing DHCP Objective: Install and authorize DHCP on Windows Server 2003 Use the Add/Remove Windows Components utility Authorize the server using the DHCP snap-in

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 9 Activity 5-2: Backing up a DHCP Database Objective: Back up a DHCP database Use the DHCP snap-in Select the backup option

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 10 Activity 5-3: Changing the Default Location of the DHCP Database Objective: Change the default directory used to store the DHCP database Use the DHCP snap-in to change the default directory

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 11 Activity 5-4: Restoring a DHCP Database Objective: Restore DHCP database information from a backup location Restore from a previously created backup database Issue the restore command from the DHCP snap-in

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 12 Maintaining the DHCP Database Over time, the DHCP database will grow in size The DHCP database may contain inconsistencies The database may need to be fixed by reconciling a scope or repairing the DHCP database itself

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 13 Reconciling Scopes The DHCP database holds summary and detailed versions of the IP address lease information Reconcile if there is a discrepancy between two versions of information Reconcile if information about leased addresses is not appearing properly Reconcile to properly show leased addresses after restoring the DHCP database

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 14 Reconciling Scopes (continued)

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 15 Activity 5-5: Reconciling a Scope Objective: Reconcile a DHCP scope Use the DHCP snap-in to issue a reconcile command

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 16 Repairing the DHCP Database As the DHCP database grows, the potential for corruption increases The DHCP Service creates entries in the Event Log if inconsistencies are found Repair a corrupted DHCP database by using the jetpack command-line utility

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 17 Activity 5-6: Running the Jetpack Utility Objective: Repair a corrupted DHCP database Use the jetpack utility to repair the database

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 18 Viewing DHCP Statistics Windows Server 2003 DHCP Service automatically tracks statistics Statistics are viewable as a whole or by scope The Performance snap-in may be used to monitor DHCP statistics

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 19 Viewing DHCP Statistics (continued)

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 20 Viewing DHCP Statistics (continued)

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 21 DHCP Audit Logging DHCP audit logs keep detailed information about DHCP server activity The logs are used to troubleshoot a DHCP server They are stored in the C:\WINDOWS\system32\dhcp directory Each line contains an event ID that states the nature of the event

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 22 DHCP Audit Logging (continued)

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 23 DHCP Audit Logging (continued)

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 24 DHCP Audit Logging (continued)

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 25 Activity 5-7: Viewing an Audit Log Objective: View sample events in an audit log Use Notepad to view the log

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 26 Conflict Detection Using DHCP does not prevent static IP configuration A DHCP server may hand out an IP address that was already statically assigned Conflict detection prevents a DHCP server from creating IP address conflicts A DHCP server pings an IP address before it is leased to a client computer

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 27 Conflict Detection (continued)

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 28 Activity 5-8: Configuring Conflict Detection Objective: Conflict detection on a DHCP server Use the DHCP snap-in to set the number of conflict detection attempts to two

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 29 Configuring DHCP Bindings You can choose which network card the DHCP Service is bound to The server only hands out IP addresses through a network card that has the DHCP Service bound

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 30 Configuring DHCP Bindings (continued)

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 31 Activity 5-9: Setting Bindings for DHCP Objective: Bind the DHCP Service to one NIC only Ensure that the DHCP server is bound to only your local area connection Use the DHCP snap-in

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 32 Viewing DHCP Events in Event Viewer Summary information generated by the DHCP Service is placed in the system event log

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 33 Viewing DHCP Events in Event Viewer (continued)

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 34 Activity 5-10: Viewing DHCP Events in Event Viewer Objective: See the events placed into the system log by the DHCP Service Use Event View under Administrative Tools

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 35 DHCP Troubleshooting DHCP is a simple broadcast-based protocol that seldom has problems Problems include: All computers are unable to lease addresses A single computer is unable to lease an address Some computers have incorrect address information A single computer has incorrect address information

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 36 DHCP Troubleshooting (continued) Problems: A rogue DHCP server is leasing addresses Multiple DHCP servers are causing conflicts The DHCP server hands out addresses already used by hosts with static IP addresses A client is using an Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) address

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 37 Activity 5-11: Remove DHCP Objective: Remove the DHCP Server service from your server Remove the server using the Add/Remove Windows Components utility

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 38 Summary The DHCP database normally resides in the C:\WINDOWS\system32\dhcp folder (can change) Reconciling scopes will synchronize scope information in the DHCP database The jetpack command-line utility may be used to repair a corrupted DHCP database You may view DHCP statistics in the DHCP snap-in or via the Performance snap-in

Guide to MCSE , Enhanced 39 Summary (continued) Audit logging enables you to view detailed information about the operation of the DHCP Service Conflict detection sends a ping packet before leasing an IP address to ensure that it is not in use You can configure the DHCP service binding to respond to DHCP clients on certain network cards only Troubleshooting DHCP problems is a valuable skill when implementing Windows Server 2003