The Principles of Matter Matter Everything is made of matter.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

4-1: Introduction to Atoms

Advertisements

Atoms: Development of the Atomic Theory

The History of Atomic Theory

Evolution of the Atomic Theory. Democritus ( BC) all things are composed of minute, invisible, indestructible particles of pure matter, which.

HISTORY OF THE ATOMIC MODEL ATOMIC THEORY

The History of Atomic Theory

9/10/12 Atom and the History of the Atom

A Pictorial History of Atomic Theory

Atoms: Development of the Atomic Theory

The Atomic Model Chem 9.

History of Atomic Structure

Development of the Atom

Structure of the Atom - Models Chapter 19 Section 1 – Part 2 Pages

Atoms and Moles Chapter 4 Approximately 2500 years ago Philosophers How many times can one divide something until there is nothing left?

Chapter 3 The History of the Atom. I. The Scientists and their Discoveries A.Democritus 1. Date = 400 B.C 2. Discovery = Theorized the smallest unit of.

The Development of the Atomic Theory

Atomic Models. JOHN DALTON Early 1800’s Thought atoms were smooth, hard balls that could not be broken into smaller pieces. All elements are made of atoms.

TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea:  There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would.

Chapter 4: Atomic Structure

Matter & The Atom. Matter  The term matter describes all of the physical substances around us  Anything that has mass and volume (takes up space) 

Introduction to Atoms Chapter 4.

The Development of the Atomic Theory. Investigating Atoms and Atomic Theory Students should be able to: Students should be able to: Describe the particle.

Atomic Models This model of the atom may look familiar to you. This is the Bohr model. In this model, the nucleus is orbited by electrons, which are in.

Atomic Structure. Way Early Theories Democritus ( BC) –First person to propose that matter is not infinitely divisible –Atomos –Matter is empty.

History of Atomic Theory

History of Atoms Notes Use the information on each slide to fill in the blanks on the student notes.

HISTORY OF THE ATOM. Aristotle 400 BC 400 BC - Claimed that there was no smallest part of matter - Claimed that there was no smallest part of matter -

Atomic Theory Past and Present.

Atomic Model History.

History of Atomic Structure. Ancient Philosophy Who: Aristotle, Democritus When: More than 2000 years ago (400 B.C.) Where: Greece What: Aristotle believed.

History of Atomic Structure. Ancient Philosophy Who: Aristotle, Democritus When: More than 2000 years ago Where: Greece What: Aristotle believed in 4.

Basics Of Chemistry 8 th Science Matter Defined ► Matter – anything that has volume or mass. ► Everything you see and don’t see.

The Development of Atomic Theory

Development of the Atomic Theory. Democritus 460 BC - Greek philosopher proposes the existence of the atom ; calls it Atomos meaning indivisible. His.

Unit 2 - Lecture 1: Structure of the Atom

Timeline of atomic structure

History of Atomic Models

The Atomic Theory Democritus Dalton 440 B.C. – Thought matter was made of tiny particles – Believed these particles could not be cut into anything smaller.

History of the Atomic Structure

Atomic Theories: How do we know what atoms are made of?

History of the Atomic Theory. Democritus  Greek Philosopher 400 B.C.  His theory: Matter could not be divided into smaller and smaller pieces forever,

Atomic Models From the ancient Greeks to the 20 th century.

Activity #38 Atomic Theory: How do we know what atoms are made of? In science, we use models to help us understand particles, like atoms, that are too.

History of the Atomic Model How the model of the atom has changed or evolved over time.

A Brief History of Atomic Theory This Section will focus on Scientists who have had an impact on the study of the atom.

A Brief History of the Atomic Theory. 460 B.C. : Democritus Greek Philosopher Proposed that matter cannot be broken down indefinitely At some point you.

Atomic Theory Chapter 4. Atomic Theory  Science is based off of observations.  A Scientific Law is a summary of what is seen in observations.  A Scientific.

The Atomic Theory. Atom  The smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance.  The smallest particle of an element.

Atomic Theory CMS Science 4.0. Development of Atomic Models Atom - the smallest particle of an element Our atomic theory has grown as models were tested.

Atomic Theory Story of the Atom. Our Story Begins…. Many years ago 400 B.C. In a land far away.

History of Atoms Notes Use the information on each slide to fill in the blanks on the student notes.

Historical Development of an Atom. Democritus B.C Democritus was a Greek philosopher ( B.C.) who is the father of modern atomic thought.

P. Sci. Unit 9 Chapter 4 Atoms. Atomic Structure – timeline Ancient Greece - Democritus proposed the atom – a tiny solid particle that could not be subdivided.

The Story of... The Atomic Theory! The characters may change, but their ideas connect.

Story of the atom Also known as the Atomic Timeline 440 BC th century.

Models of Atom 1) The concept of atom was born in Greece about 450 BC 2) Democritus, Greek scientist proposed that matter and motion are discontinuous.

Can you match the scientists’ names to their pictures? Democritus Dalton JJ Thomson Rutherford Bohr De Broglie Schrodinger.

S. Aldrich HISTORY OF THE ATOM 460 BCE Democritus develops the idea of atoms He believed that you could cut objects in half, over and over again,

The Atomic Theory – p Democritus  Democritus, 440 B.C.  Thought matter was made of tiny particles  Believed these particles could not be cut.

Scientists and Their Contribution to the Model of an Atom

Physical Science Mr. Willis

The evolution of the atom

Timeline Use your textbook and any other resources available to research the contributions and approximate dates of the following scientists/ models: Democritus.

SCH3U Unit 1: Matter, Chemical Trends and Chemical Bonding

Atom Model History - Democritus a fifth century B.C. Greek philosopher proposed that all matter was composed of indivisible particles called atoms (Greek.

Atomic Theories: How do we know what atoms are made of?

SCH3U Unit 1: Matter, Chemical Trends and Chemical Bonding

The Atomic Theory.

Presentation transcript:

The Principles of Matter

Matter Everything is made of matter.

Matter Has mass. Takes up space.

Matter Is made of atoms.

The Atom

Atom The atom has three parts…

Proton Has positive charge. ~1/2 of atom’s mass.

Atom Neutron No charge (neutral). ~1/2 of atom’s mass.

Atom Electron Negative Charge (-). Has almost no mass.

Atom It is very small! It is mostly empty space!

Atom If a proton were the size of a basketball…

Atom the electron would be ten miles away.

How did we learn about the atom?

Everything is made of matter.

We have known about the atom over the last 2500 years.

Here are those scientists who have contributed to our knowledge of the atom.

Introducing the members of the Atom Hall of Fame!

Democritus

He was the first person to propose the existence of the atom.

400 B.C. Democritus proposed the following thought experiment.

Take a pie. Slice the pie in half.

Take one of the halves and slice that in half.

Continue slicing the pie into smaller and smaller pieces.

Eventually you will not be able to slice your pie any smaller.

He called that piece “atomos.” (“Atomos” means cannot be divided.)

Democritus

John Dalton

1803 – Dalton proposed that matter is composed of atoms.

He came up with the following laws: Matter: 1. Is made of atoms. 2. Atoms cannot be divided into smaller pieces.

Matter: 3. Atoms of an element are exactly alike. 4. Different elements are made up of different atoms.

Matter: 5. Compounds are made of two or more joined atoms.

Dalton’s model of the atom was that of a solid, uniform sphere.

John Dalton

Sir J. Joseph Thomson

1897 – Discovered the electron. He developed the “plum pudding” model.

He believed the atom was a solid, uniform mass with electrons inside the atom.

Sir J. Joseph Thomson

Lord Ernest Rutherford

1910 – an atom must be mostly empty space with a small dense positively charged particle in the center surrounded by negatively charged electrons.

First person to observe protons.

Lord Ernest Rutherford

Neils Bohr

1913 – Electrons orbit the nucleus of the atom. Developed quantum mechanics.

Neils Bohr

Sir James Chadwick

1926 – Discovered the neutron.

Sir James Chadwick

Werner Heisenberg

1932 – Developed the Uncertainty Principle. It is impossible to know both the speed and location of an electron.

You can only know either its speed or its location.

Werner Heisenberg

These are the members of the Atom Hall of Fame.

Modeling the Atom.

The Three Phases (States) of Matter

Matter Properties of Matter.

Matter comes in three phases (or states).

Solid

Has a definite shape. Has definite volume. Does not change shape when moved.

The particles in a solid are tightly packed and vibrate in place.

Liquid

Has definite volume. Has no definite shape (it takes the shape of its container.)

The molecules are more loosely packed. They do not stay in one place.

They move over and around each other.

Gas

Invisible Has no definite shape. Has no definite volume.

The molecules are very far apart. Spread out evenly to fill space they enter

This process is called diffusion.

The particles in a gas move rapidly.

Changes in phases (states) of matter.

Melting A solid changing to a liquid.

Melting The particles start moving faster.

Freezing Going from a liquid to a solid.

Freezing The particles slow down.

Sublimation Changing from a solid to a gas.

Example Dry Ice

Boiling Changing from a liquid to a gas.

Boiling Energy is added and the particles move faster.

Evaporation Changing from a liquid to a gas.

Evaporation No energy is added.

Evaporation Happens on the surface.

Condensation Changing from a gas to a liquid.

The particles slow down.