 Force- __________________________  ________________________________  Units- pounds or Newtons  1N = 1kg x 1 m/sec 2  Weight- _________________________ ___________________________________  Units- pounds or Newton  Weight changes due to gravity

 Mass- _______________________________  Units- grams or kilograms  Mass is the same everywhere  Motion- ______________________________________ Position- comparison of where an object started including direction  Ex. 7km North of Building A  Distance-______________________________ – doesn’t include direction  Ex. I walked 14km  An object at rest is a special case of motion in which there is not change in position

 How can the motion of an object be changed?  ________________________________________  Starting  Stopping  Changing speeds  ________________________

How does graphing fit in? (It’s never going to go away!)  Position vs. Time graphs show ___________  _________________________ which makes it easy to see how things have moved.  EX: Moving AwayMoving to StartStopped

 Newton’s 1 st Law- law of inertia  An object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion unless an ___________ _____________ is acted upon it.  Inertia- __________________________________  __________________________.  The amount of inertia an object has depends on its mass.

 Newton’s 2 nd Law  _______________________________________  Force causes acceleration  Mass resists acceleration  The acceleration you get is equal to the ratio of force over mass  a=FF=ma m

 Force isn’t necessary to keep an object in motion at constant speed.  The motion of an object depends on the total of all forces acting on the object- ___________________.  When forces on an object are balanced, the net force is zero=______________.

 Acceleration- _______________________ ____________________________________  Formula: a=V f -V i /t

How does speed fit in?  Speed-___________________________  _________________________________  Speed is the rate of motion  Rate-ratio between two different quantities (distance/time)  Units: m/s or km/hr  Formula: S=d/tspeed=distance/time  Constant speed-the speed does not change  Instantaneous speed- the speed at a single instant/moment of time

Graphing…another connection!  Distance vs. Time graphs show how speed changes at different places. TIme Distance

 Velocity- __________________________  __________________________________  The velocity of an object is the rate at which its position changes over time and the direction of the change.  Ex:  Speed= 220 km per hour  Velocity= 220 km per hour due north  Velocity can change even if speed remains constant (because you could change direction)

 Gravity- ______________________________  ______________________________________.  Gravity depends on how much mass,  Gravity= 9.8 N or 9.8 m/sec 2  Law of Universal Gravitation- gravity is a force of attraction that exists between any two objects that have mass.  Force of attraction increase when mass increases.  Force also increases when objects get closer.

 Calculating force between two objects  G= Gravitational constant  6.67x10 11 N· m 2 /kg 2

 Weight- -___________________  _________________________  Depends on the objects mass  Calculating  Fw= mg  (9.8 m/sec 2 )  W= mg  Units- N or lbs NOT kg

 Friction- __________________________  ______________________________.  Friction forces always work against the motion that produces them.  Friction is opposite whatever force is causing it.  Wear- ___________________________  ____________________________  Net Force- what is left after subtracting friction force from gravity. (total force)  Friction reduces acceleration  All machines have friction

4 types of Friction  _____ Friction- air moving around moving objects creates an opposing force.  ____________Friction- two surfaces rub against each other.  _____________ Friction- objects that move in water or other fluids, oil changes sliding friction to viscous friction.  ______________ Friction- one object rolling over another, like wheel rolling over a road.

 Newton’s Third Law  _______________________________________  _______________________________________.  The reaction force is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction  All forces come in pairs  The action/reaction forces act on separate objects not the same object

 Momentum- _______  ___________________  Increase mass or speed, you increase its momentum  Units  Kg*m/sec momentum mass Velocity

 _________________________________if interaction objects are not influenced by outside forces (friction), the total amount of momentum cannot change.  The momentum gained by one body in an interaction is equal to the momentum lost by the other body.  That means momentum can also be positive (moving to the right) or negative (moving to the left).

 Momentum before collision= momentum after collision Momentum before Momentum After Mass Velocity