The Sun Understanding our Star with Polarimetry Silvano Fineschi INAF – Astrophysical Observatory of Torino - Italy Internatonal School of Astropolarimetry.

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Presentation transcript:

The Sun Understanding our Star with Polarimetry Silvano Fineschi INAF – Astrophysical Observatory of Torino - Italy Internatonal School of Astropolarimetry Centre Paul Langevin Aussois (F), 3-8 June 2013

The Solar Dynamo: Powering the Sun’s magnetic field In the Sun, the magnetic field generated by the dynamo mechanism plays a central role in the dynamics of the solar atmosphere. Solar polarity reverses in about 11 years (solar cycle) The plasma dynamics in the solar atmosphere goes from being dominated by thermal pressure (kT) over the magnetic pressure (B 2 ) in the photosphere (1  )

The Solar Magnetic Field: Powering the Sun’s atmosphere Magnetic reconnection powers solar flares and Coronal Mass Ejections Magnetic waves (Alfven, acoustic)/reconnection (nanoflares) (TBD) power the solar wind

Solar Filter-Magnetograph

Solar Spectro- Polarimeter

Hanle Effect (tutorial)  Larmour << A  Larmour  A

Hanle effect in photospheri c lines

Hanle effect in chromospheric HI Lyman-  line

CLASP sounding-rocket: measuring the Hanle effect in HI Lyman- 

A [10 7 s -1 ] ~ 0.88  g J  B [G] Hanle effect Sensitivity in coronal lines A FeXIII = 14 Hz  B Hanle   G A FeXIII << B corona (“saturated” Hanle effect) Fineschi, van Ballegooijen & Kohl, 1999

Hanle Effect (tutorial)  Larmour >> A If  Larmour >> A (VIR forbidden lines)  P is // or  B A FeXIII = 14 Hz  B Hanle   G A FeXIII << B corona (“saturated” Hanle effect)

22 HAO CoMP LC Lyot fiter & Polarimeter FeXIII nm «forbidden line» S. Tomczyk, et al. Science 317, 1192 (2007);

Resonance-scattering Polarization

Fineschi, ASP Conf. Series, 2001 Anisotropic Super-radial Doppler-dimming effect OVI nm Doppler-dimming; CII pumping (S. Giordano courtesy)

SUMER Measurement of Hanle and ASD effects? P=(9  2)%;  = 9  6  Helioctr. Dist. = 1.3 R Wind speed w  40 km/s (Rauoafi A&A 1999) Hanle effect: B > 10 G;  B 50 km/s SR Doppler-dim.: B 30  ; w > 50 km/s Anisotr. SR Doppler-dim.: B <<1 G;  B  20  ; w  40 km/s (Fineschi ASP Conf. Series 2001)

SolmeX – COMPASS (ESA M-mission) Peter, Fineschi et al. Exp. Astron. 2011

Coronal UV Spectro-Polarimeter (CUPS)

Moses, et al. SPIE 2011 Non-Formation Flying CUPS Telescope externally occulted with multi-stacked apertures

Beta 1.05 Ro 10 Ro 2 Ro Temp. minimum Probing Coronal Magnetism with Space EUV/UV/VIR Polarimetry Photospheric VIR lines CIV 150 nm MgII h & k 280 nm HI Lyman series, OVI nm & Fe IR lines HI Ly-  122 nm SUMI CLASP SolmeX