The Wild West: Native American’s Plight American encroachment on the Great Plains.

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Presentation transcript:

The Wild West: Native American’s Plight American encroachment on the Great Plains.

Why do Americans move West? Mining: gold, silver, & copper Freedom: African Americans, freedom from debt, people starting new life Gov’t land grants make it easier New business opps: farming, ranching, mining, RR

Plains Indians Cheyenne Sioux

Massacre at Sand Creek November 29, 1864 U.S. Soldiers attacked Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians 150 dead

Battle of the 100 Slain/ The Fetterman Massacre December, 1866 Sioux resisted white settlements along the Bozeman Trail Attack Captain William J. Fetterman & men Killed 80 soldiers

Treaty of Fort Laramie… Forces Sioux to live on a reservation along the Missouri River Sitting Bull never signs treaty

Another Gold Rush, 1872 Colonel George Custer reported gold at Black Hills. Whites encroach Nat. Amer. ask gov’t to protect their lands. They received no help.

Custer’s Last Stand June, 1876 Sioux and Cheyenne attacked Custer’s troops. Crazy Horse & Sitting Bull defeated Custer’s troops, & kill Custer in the process. Later that year the Sioux and Cheyenne were defeated by U.S. military.

The Dawes Act 1887 Attempt to assimilate Nat. Amer. Divided up reservations among Indian families 160 acres per family 80 acres to each single adult Remaining (2/3) was sold to white settlers Native Americans received no money for the selling of the land (drop your culture to become part of mainstream culture)

Carlisle Indian School, PA

Buffalo was central to Indian life…

Where the Buffalo Roam…No More White settlers hunted Buffalo for sport Buffalo population million herd left, Yellowstone Nat’l Park

Wounded Knee December 28, 1890 Last “battle”. The Cavalry tried to disarm Sioux at Wounded Knee Creek, SD. 300 Indians were slaughtered

Chief Big Foot, Wounded Knee, 1890

Reservations Today

On May 10, 1869, two railroad companies, Union Pacific and Central Pacific, joined 1,776 miles of rail at Promontory Summit, Utah Territory.

Government Restricts Native Americans Entire Great Plains was a reservation b/c of railroad, ranching, farming & mining development, whites now want this land 1850s - More specific boundaries for natives