Political Science American Government and Politics Chapter 12 The Bureaucracy

12-1 What is a bureaucracy? –a large organization that is structured hierarchically to carry out specific functions –private bureaucracies exist within organizations like corporations has a single set of leaders –public bureaucracies exist within organizations like governments typically have multiple sets of leaders (Congress, President, etc.) serve citizen instead of stockholders

12-2 Theories of Bureaucracy Weberian Model Acquisitive Model Monopolistic Model Garbage Can Model

12-3 Government Employment at Federal, State and Local Levels

12-4 The Organization of the Federal Government Cabinet Departments Independent Executive Agencies Independent Regulatory Agencies Government Corporations

12-5 Organization Chart of the Federal Government

12-6 Executive Departments

12-7 Selected Independent Executive Agencies

12-8 Selected Independent Federal Agencies

12-9 Selected Government Corporations (First of 2 Acetates)

12-10 Staffing the Bureaucracy –political appointees –civil service History of the Federal Civil Service –The Spoils System –The Civil Service Reform Act of 1883 the merit system the Civil Service Commission –The Hatch Act of 1939 –The Civil Service Reform Act of 1978

12-11 Modern Attempts at Bureaucratic Reform Sunshine Laws Sunset Laws Contracting Out Incentives Helping Whistle Blowers

The Iron Triangle

12-12 Congressional Control of the Bureaucracy Authorizing funds Appropriating Funds Congressional Investigations, hearings and review