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Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Frame of Mind What does it mean to work smart? How is internal text structure different from external text structure? How do graphic organizers help students make connections among important ideas?
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Frame of Mind What note-taking frameworks and procedures can you model for your students? How can you show students how to summarize information? What are study guides? How can you develop study guides using the levels of comprehension construct and text patterns?
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Key Terms Critical note External text structure Graphic organizers GRASP Internal text structure Question note Selective reading guide Summary note Text pattern guide Text structure Thesis note
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 External Text Structure Organizational aids Front matter (preface, table of contents) End matter (appendices, indexes) Introductory or summary statements Headings Graphs Charts Illustrations Guide questions
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Internal Text Structure Description Sequence Comparison and Contrast Cause and Effect Problem and Solution
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Signal Words and Phrases Used in Various Text Structures Description To begin with Most important Also In fact For instance For example
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Signal Words and Phrases Used in Various Text Structures Sequence On (date) Not long after Now As Before After When First Then
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Signal Words and Phrases Used in Various Text Structures Comparison and Contrast However But As well as On the other hand Not only…but also Either…or While Although
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Signal Words and Phrases Used in Various Text Structures Cause & Effect and Problem & Solution Because Since Therefore Consequently As a result This led to So that Nevertheless If…then
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Graphic Organizers Present an example of a graphic organizer that corresponds to the type of outline you plan to teach. Demonstrate how to construct a graphic outline. Coach students in the use of the graphic outline and give them opportunities to practice.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Comparison and Contrast Matrix Fungi Algae Body Structure Food Source Method of Reproduction Living Environment
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Problem and Solution Outline Problem: Who has the problem? What is the problem? Attempted SolutionsOutcomes End Result
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Network Tree Discriminant D>0 2 real distinct roots D=0 1 real distinct root D<0 No real roots
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Series-of-Events Chain The Scientific Method Define a problem Make observations and collect information Make a hypothesis Test the hypothesis Form a conclusion
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Semantic (Cognitive) Mapping The First Ohio Settlements MariettaCincinnatiGallipolis
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Writing a Summary Include no unnecessary detail. Collapse lists. Use topic sentences. Integrate information. Polish the summary.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Polishing a Summary Compare a well-developed summary that the teacher has written with the summaries written by the students. Present the class with three summaries.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Polishing a Summary Team students in pairs or triads, and let them read their summaries to one another. In lieu of response groups, ask the whole class to respond.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Making Notes, Taking Notes Summary note Thesis note Critical note Question note
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Constructing Three-Level Guides Begin construction of the guide at level II, the interpretive level. Next, search the text for the propositions and explicit pieces of information needed to support the inferences you have chosen for level II.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Constructing Three-Level Guides Decide whether you want to add a distracter or two to levels I and II. Develop statements for level III, the applied level. Be flexible and adaptive.