European Explorers, Their Motivations and the Consequences of Exploration Ms. Adams

Establishment of Trade Routes: Routes between Europe, North Africa and other areas surrounding the Mediterranean had been around for centuries. Spice Trade: In great demand by Europeans, used as a preservative and to add flavor to food. Other Riches: Searching for a new water route to Asia in order to seek wealth and profits.

Gold Glory God

Gold was an important item that explorers were looking for, but remember that it is really wealth, not just literal gold that attracted the explorers. Europe needed gold (and silver) to fuel the rising banking system Foreign spices were desired because Europe had no refrigeration. Other natural resources (timber, sugar, tobacco, ivory) could be bought and sold for a nice profit.

Out of the Renaissance brought about the idea of Humanism and the focus on individual achievement. The printing press allowed individuals to gain fame for their actions. Individual kings wanted glory for their kingdoms so competition spread.

Europeans had always seen spreading Christianity as a good thing. Colonization became a race to convert native peoples to a particular brand of Christianity. Jesuits (Catholics) are some of the most active.

1. Spain 2. Portugal 3. England 4. Italy **These were not all of the countries that were involved in European exploration, but just the ones we are going to talk about today.

1. Africa and Asia 2. North America 3. South America After looking at a map, why do you think these area were commonly explored?

The first to encourage new ship explorations was Prince Henry of Portugal, known as “Prince Henry the Navigator” Started an institute for seafaring and exploring Combined ship technology learned from Islam with new European innovations By the time of his death in 1460, Portuguese had sailed as far south as the Gold Coast of West Africa

Italian Born In 1492, his most notable voyages were funded by Queen Isabella of Spain. Three most notable ships, the Pinta, the Niña and the Santa Maria. Arrogant and cruel to crew and natives October 1492, thought he had landed in Asia, but it was actually in the Caribbean islands.

First Voyage 3 of Columbus’ voyages: All proved to be fairly unsuccessful. Did not find Asia nor the wealth he was looking for with each trip. He was cruel to the locals and was forced to return to Spain.

Privately funded and was an attempt to redeem himself. Although he sailed along the coast of South America, he found no riches, nor traces of the Indies or China and returned to Spain defeated.

Italian King Henry VII of England funded his voyage 1497 discovery of North America is said to be the second European voyage to the continent since Christopher Columbus a few years earlier. He landed on the island of Newfoundland.

In his first voyage, da Gama managed to reach Calicut in India and sail home. The ruler of Calicut, (Samuri) welcomed da Gama: “The devil take ye!” and was scornful da Gama had not brought valuable presents. First European to reach the coast of India and discovered the water route to Asia.

Italian explorer of North America Explored the Atlantic coast of North America between South and North Carolina and Newfoundland, including New York Harbor and Narragansett Bay in 1524.

A fierce, 13 day storm blew his ship off course rounding the tip of Africa. He only realized how far he had gone when the skies cleared He rounded the southern tip of Africa and the Portuguese named it the Cape of Good Hope. Why do you think the cape he rounded was named as it was?

He set out to accomplish Columbus’ goal and reach the Indies and China. Denied by his native Portugal, he gained funding from Spain. Inspired by a friend who was both astrologer and cartographer, Magellan determined he could circumnavigate the globe. After 3 years, his crew successfully sailed around the globe. Unfortunately, Magellan died in a battle along the way.

Culture Clash Religious Conflicts Spread of Diseases Slavery Harsh Conditions

Mercantilism: is the idea that there is only so much wealth in the world. To make your kingdom strong you must have more gold and wealth than the other kingdoms. Use your textbook to define these words- Circumnavigate: Imperialism: Astrolabe: