NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, 20041 Energy dependence of K 0 and hyperon production at CERN SPS Domenico Elia INFN -

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NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Energy dependence of K 0 and hyperon production at CERN SPS Domenico Elia INFN - Bari (Italy) on behalf of the NA57 CollaborationNA57s

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Contents  Physics motivation  The NA57 experimental apparatus  Yields and ratios: comparison with NA49  Energy dependence of K 0 and hyperon production  Centrality dependence of K 0 and hyperon yields  Hyperon enhancements at 40 A GeV  Summary s s

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Physics motivation  NA57 physics goals: study of the dependence of hyperon enhancements on  interaction volume (centrality down to N wound  50)  collision energy (data at both 40 and 160 A GeV) SystemBeam energySample size Pb-Pb160 A GeV( ) x 10 6 evts Pb-Pb40 A GeV240 x 10 6 evts p-Be40 A GeV(60+110) x 10 6 evts WA97 p-Be sample used as reference data at 160 A GeV  Data samples:

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Experimental apparatus placed inside the 1.4 T field of the GOLIATH magnet Target: 1% Pb, 8% Be Scintillator petals: centrality trigger (Pb-Pb) MSD 1 & 2: multiplicity detector (Pb-Pb) Tracking device: silicon pixel planes (5 x 5 cm 2 cross section, 50 x 500 m 2 cell size, total of  1 M channels) Lever arm: pixels + double side  strips

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Strange particle detection 30 cm 5 cm    Silicon telescope decay vertices target  Reconstructed decay topologies:  -   + K - ( BR = 67.8 % )  -   +  - ( BR = 99.9 % )    - + p ( BR = 63.9 % )     + +  - ( BR = 68.6 % )  Charged decay tracks measured in the pixel telescope s  1 M channels

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Yields and enhancements  Double differential cross sections for each particle fitted to: assuming flat rapidity distribution in the selected acceptance regions Inverse slope of m T distribution ( T = T app ) free parameter of the fit.  Yield (i.e. particle per event) extrapolated to a common y-p T region:  Enhancement:

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Collision centrality  Centrality determination from measured charged particle multiplicity  N wound from trigger cross section (Glauber Model calculations) Pb-Pb 160 A GeV N ch

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Collision centrality  Centrality determination from measured charged particle multiplicity  N wound from trigger cross section (Glauber Model calculations) Pb-Pb 160 A GeV N ch Class  /  tot 160 GeV 40 GeV 042 – 56% – 42% – 25% – 12% – 5%  Same class definition at 40 and 160 GeV

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Comparison NA57-NA49 Particle yields per participant NA57NA49* 40 GeV5%7% 160 GeV (K) 5%7% 160 GeV (, ) 12%10% *Refs: Physical Review C 66, (2002), nucl-ex/ , Phys. Lett. B 538 (2002), 275. Centrality regions: For NA49: K 0 = 0.5*(K + +K - ) s

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Comparison NA57-NA49 Particle yields per participant NA57NA49* 40 GeV5%7% 160 GeV (K) 5%7% 160 GeV (, ) 12%10% *Refs: Physical Review C 66, (2002), nucl-ex/ , Phys. Lett. B 538 (2002), 275.  about 30% systematics on the absolute value of the yields ( under investigation ) but … Centrality regions: For NA49: K 0 = 0.5*(K + +K - ) s

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Comparison NA57-NA49 Particle ratios *Refs: Physical Review C 66, (2002), nucl-ex/ , nucl-ex/ , nucl-ex/  … particle ratios compatible within errors (i.e. no impact on relative yields)

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Energy dependence of hyperon ratios from SPS to RHIC *Ref: Physics Letters B 567 (2003), 167.  Y / Y ratios increase with energy  Energy dependence weaker for particle with higher strangeness Centrality regions:NA57:0 - 12% STAR*:0 - 11% baryon density decreases with energy increase

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Energy dependence of particle yields from SPS to RHIC *Refs: Physical Review Letters 89 (2002), nucl-ex/ , nucl-ex/ Centrality regions: NA57: 0-5% (K), 0-12% () STAR*: 0-5% (), 0-6% (K), 0-10% ()  stronger energy dependence for  - and all anti-hyperons

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Centrality dependence of strange particle yields

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Centrality dependence of strange particle yields

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Centrality dependence of strange particle yields Yields fitted to: Y  

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Centrality dependence of strange particle yields Yields fitted to:  steeper centrality dependence of the 40 A GeV yields 160 A GeV40 A GeV   2 / ndf  1.20 ± / ± / ± / ± / ± / ± / ± / ± / ± / ± / ± / ± / ± / 3 Y  

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Hyperon enhancements  enhancements still there at 40 GeV (slightly higher then at 160 GeV in the two most central classes)  same hierarchy at 160 and 40 GeV: E(  ) < E(  )

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, Summary  Comparison with NA49:  ratios compatible,  30% systematics in the yields  Energy dependence of yields and ratios:  stronger dependence for anti-particles than for particles (larger baryon density at 40 A GeV)  Centrality dependence of the yields:  steeper centrality dependence of the 40 A GeV yields  Enhancements at 40 A GeV:  hyperon yields enhanced at 40 A GeV too, E(  )<E(  )  steeper centrality dependence at lower energy

NA57 D. Elia, INFN Bari (Italy)QM2004, Oakland - January 11-17, The NA57 Collaboration Physics Department, University of Athens, Greece; Dipartimento IA di Fisica dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari and INFN, Bari, Italy; Fysisk Institutt, Universitetet i Bergen, Bergen, Norway ; Høgskolen i Bergen, Bergen, Norway; University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; University of Catania and INFN, Catania, Italy; CERN, European Laboratory for Particle Physics, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Experimental Physics Slovak Academy of Science, Kosice, Slovakia; P.J. Safárik University, Kosice, Slovakia; Fysisk institutt, Universitetet i Oslo, Oslo, Norway; University of Padua and INFN, Padua, Italy; Collège de France, Paris, France; Institute of Physics, Prague, Czech Republic; University “La Sapienza'' and INFN, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche “E.R. Caianiello'' dell'Università and INFN, Salerno, Italy; State University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia; IReS/ULP, Strasbourg, France; Utrecht University and NIKHEF, Utrecht, The Netherlands.