GCSE Physical Education Immediate & Long-Term Effects of Exercise on the Respiratory System
Learning Objectives By the end of this lesson pupils should: The immediate effects of participation in exercise The long-term effects of regular participation in exercise The effects of smoking on the respiratory system
The Respiratory System
The Respiratory System When exercising several changes take place in the body These are immediate and short term benefits of exercise and physical activity
Breathing
Breathing Breathing is greatly affected by exercise However quickly the heart beats, it cannot carry enough oxygen if not enough is reaching the lungs How well we breath depends on how much oxygen can be removed from the air. We need our alveoli to do this Alveoli can be damaged, for example by smoking
Oxygen Debt
Oxygen Debt The amount of extra oxygen required by the muscles during recovery from strenuous physical activity Strenuous exercise may result in the need for more oxygen than can be supplied through breathing After anaerobic exercise, oxygen debt occurs and deep gasping breaths are taken to repay the oxygen used
Oxygen Debt These deep gasping breaths enable as much oxygen as possible to be taken into the respiratory system As well as this, waste produce is eliminated, mainly in the form of carbon dioxide An efficient respiratory system aids the cardiovascular system by providing a constant supply of oxygen
Benefits of Regular Exercise
Benefits of Regular Exercise After a sustained period of regular exercise, benefits include: Quicker delivery of oxygen to working muscles Carbon dioxide is removed quicker Vital capacity is increased as the whole respiratory system becomes more efficient
Benefits of Regular Exercise More alveoli become available for gaseous exchange after regular exercise Meaning more oxygen can be absorb by the capillaries and more carbon dioxide taken from them As a result VO2 max (aerobic capacity) is increased Regular exercise also increases the number of blood vessels
Effects of Smoking
Effects of Smoking Smoking damages the lungs and especially the alveoli, making them less stretchy and less efficient As a result, it becomes more difficult to get oxygen in and carbon dioxide out, and smokers may become short of breath the heart has to work harder to get the oxygen the body needs and consequently gets tired quicker
Learning Objectives (Revisited) By the end of this lesson pupils should: The immediate effects of participation in exercise The long-term effects of regular participation in exercise The effects of smoking on the respiratory system
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