Measuring the Nation’s Output

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Presentation transcript:

Measuring the Nation’s Output Chapter 13, Section 1

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Most important measure of economy’s overall performance GDP= final goods + final services + final structures (pg 342, Figure 13.1) Production in U.S. plants located in Mexico, Canada or other countries is not counted

What is excluded? Intermediate products – products that are used to make other products Secondhand sales – sales of used goods Nonmerchant transactions – transactions that do not take place in the market Underground economy – illegal and unreported activity (gambling, smuggling, drugs, and counterfeiting)

Limitations of GDP Tell us nothing about composition of output Tells us little about the impact of the quality of life Despite limitations it is still our best overall measure of economic health

Measure of National Income (pg.345, Figure 13.2) Gross National Product (GNP): the dollar value of all final goods, services and structures produced in one year Income of all Americans Payments to Americans – Payments to Foreign Countries = GDP -> GNP

GNP – Measure of National Income Net National Product (NNP): GNP less depreciation National Income (NI): income left after all taxes (except corporate profits tax) subtracted from NNP Personal Income (PI): total income going to consumers before individual income taxes are subtracted

National Income -> Personal Income Subtract income that does not go to the consumer Subtract corporate income Subtract Social Security contributions Add back Social Security, Medicaid, etc.

Disposable Personal Income (DI) Total income the consumer sector has at its disposal after personal income taxes

Circular Flow of Economic Activity Page 347, Figure 13.3

Output-Expenditure Model Macroeconomic model used to show demand by the consumer, investment, government and foreign sectors GDP= C + I + G + (X-M)