SECTION 1-6 P ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 1. THEY ARE CARBON-BASED COMPOUNDS (SOME, SUCH AS CARBON DIOXIDE ARE NOT INCLUDED AS NO HYDROGEN IS PRESENT) 1. CARBON HAS 4 VALENCE ELECTRONS WHICH FORM COVALENT BONDS (TO CARBON AND OTHER ELEMENTS) 1. THEY MAKE UP HYDROCARBONS (WHICH CONTAIN ONLY HYDROGEN AND CARBON ) SUCH AS METHANE FUEL 1.THEY ARE BASED UPON SINGLE UNITS CALLED MONOMERS 1.THEY FORM CHAINS OF MONOMERS CALLED POLYMERS ( ALSO CALLED MACROMOLECULES)
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS 1. DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS *COMBINING MONOMERS TO FORM A POLYMER AND PRODUCING WATER MONOMER + MONOMER POLYMER + WATER 2. HYDROLYSIS * USING WATER TO BREAK APART POLYMERS INTO MONOMERS POLYMER + WATER MONOMER + MONOMER *SEE HANDOUT FOR EXAMPLES*