Ch. 1 Sec. 3 Measurement. Scientific Notation  Expressing a value as the product of a number between 1 & 10 and a power of 10 Makes very large or small.

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Presentation transcript:

Ch. 1 Sec. 3 Measurement

Scientific Notation  Expressing a value as the product of a number between 1 & 10 and a power of 10 Makes very large or small numbers easier 300,000,000  3.0 x  7.65 x  Decimal is placed after first non zero #  Spaces counted to give you the exponent 34,000   5.06 x 10 5  8.95 x 

Adding and Subtracting Sci Notation  Add or subtract the numbers (3 x ) + (6 x )  (3+9)  9 x (8.5 x 10 7 ) – (2.3 x 10 7 )  (8.5 – 2.3)  6.2 x 10 7

Multiplying & Dividing Sci Notation  Multiply numbers  Add or Subtract exponents  (2 x 10 3 )(4 x 10 2 ) (2x6) & ( ) 8 x 10 5  (9 x 10 8 ) / (3 x 10 3 ) (9/3) & ( ) 3 x 10 5

SI Units  Units Describe a number  Base Units QuantityUnitSymbol LengthMeterM MassKilogramKg TempKelvinK TimeSecondS

SI Units  Derived Units QuantityUnitSymbol AreaSquare meter m2m2 VolumeCubic meterm3m3 DensityKilograms/ cubic meter Kg/m 3 EnergyJoule (kg. m 2 /s 2 ) J

Metric Prefixes PrefixSymbolMeaningMultiply unit by KilokThousand (10 3 ) 1000 DecidTenth (10 -1 )0.1 CenticHundreth (10 -2 ) 0.01 MillimThousandth (10 -3 ) 0.001

Conversion Factor  Ratio of equivalent measurements 45 m _______ = ______km 3 kg ________ = ______mg

Precision  Gauge of exact measurement  Use of significant figures More figures = more exact 5:30 or 5:30.15 Ran the 100 in 12 or 12.12

Significant Figures: Rules  All digits in known measurement  1) Non-zero digits are always significant.  2) Any zeros between two significant digits are significant.  3) A final zero or trailing zeros in the decimal portion ONLY are significant.

Significant Fig. Practice  1)  2)  3) 7.09 x 10 5  4) 91,600  5)  6)  7) 250  8) 780,000,000  9)  10)

Accuracy  Closeness of a measurement to the actual value

Temperature  Fahrenheit o F = 9/5( o C) + 32  Celsius o C = 5/9( o F – 32)  Kelvin (base unit) K = o C +273