2015 Commemoration of the International Day against Homophobia, Biphobia, and Transphobia Chloe Schwenke, Ph.D. May 20,

World Bank Group Goals END EXTREME POVERTY AND PROMOTE SHARED PROSPERITY

LGBTI Global Goals Safety, and respect for basic dignity Freedom to be, freedom to love Sustainable livelihoods Access to public services and rule-of-law Inclusion Understanding

Balancing the “letters” LGBTI…Q…Q…A…???????????? SO + GIE o No common global language for the diversity of sexual minorities Majority of global development funding & programming focused on gay men and “men who have sex with men” (MSM) o HIV/AIDS

Minority Lesbian and gay people are a significant minority o In the US, 1.8 percent of men self-identify as gay, and 1.5 percent of women self-identify as lesbian (NHIS/CDC data 2013) Transgender people are an even smaller minority o Very few surveys ask, but informed estimates are 0.2 to 0.3 percent of the population Intersex people are rare o Very hard to precisely define this category, but rough estimates are about 1 in 1500 to 1 in 2000 births No one knows how many bisexual people there are, as many bisexual people do not self-identify as such

And so….? Utilitarian arguments would tend to dismiss relevance of such a small minority WEIGHED AGAINST Inclusion: World Bank’s focus on ending extreme poverty and promoting shared prosperity… Humanity: The reality that SOGIE issues go to the very human (if intangible) heart of development o Love, relationship, association o Identity and human dignity

Action Update ~ : Pan-American Health Organization passed a resolution on LGBTI health – equal access to care is a health issue – countries should collect data on access to health care and health facilities for their LGBTI population. The U.S. Treasury Department encourages the MDBs to strengthen attention to LGBTI issues – human resources policies – protect the human rights of LGBTI persons and advance social inclusion and non-discrimination through MDBs’ projects – ensure that LGBTI persons can access projects’ benefits without being exposed to harm. Since 2011: US State Department’s Global Equality Fund – partnership of 11 governments + corporations and private foundations – allocated more than $19 million to frontline human rights/LGBTI advocates in 50 countries

Action Update ~ 2 FY 2014: USAID invested approximately $3.3 million in stand-alone LGBTI programs – an additional $113 million in programs related to health and human rights that were relevant to members of the LGBTI community – LGBTI Global Development Partnership operates in 15 countries and consists of 28 resource partners including multinational corporations, foundations, NGOs and a university Williams Institute at UCLA report on the economic costs of discrimination: The Relationship Between LGBTI Economic Inclusion and Economic Development: An Analysis of Emerging Economies. PEPFAR and USAID launched a $7 million public-private partnership project with the Elton John Foundation, called health4men – strengthening community capacity – expanding access to non-discriminatory HIV services for MSM and transgender persons in South Africa

Action Update ~ 3 July 2014: USAID announced Linkages Across the Continuum of HIV Services for Key Populations Affected by HIV (LINKAGES) – $73 million award over 5 years – PEPFAR and USAID’s first global project dedicated to 15 key populations includes gay men, MSM, and transgender persons US State Department and the Department of Justice provide training on LGBTI issues to law enforcement officials and NGOs – 2014: State Department sponsored counter hate crimes training for law enforcement officials from Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, and Mexico – State Department supports a Violent Crimes Task Force in Honduras that investigates and supports the prosecution of LGBTI-related homicide cases

Total $ for LGBTI/SOGIE Very inadequate data Foundations: Despite significant gains in recent years, for every 100 dollars awarded by U.S. foundations only 24 cents goes to LGBTI issues o In 2013, over 80 % of such funding focused on U.S. domestic LGBTI communities o nearly half of all LGBTI funding is going to some form of advocacy work

Questions and Comments?