Political Science American Government and Politics Today Chapter 3 Federalism

3-1 Three Systems of Government Unitary – strong central government; local government only have powers given to them by central government Confederal – strong state governments; central government only has powers given to it by states Federal – power is divided between central government and states; each has their own sphere of influence

3-2 The Flow of Power in Three Systems of Government

3-3 The American Federal System-The Division of Powers between the National Government and the State Governments (Second of 2 Acetates)

3-4 The American Federal System-The Division of Powers between the National Government and the State Governments (Second of 2 Acetates)

3-5 What is Horizontal Federalism? Activities, policies or problems that require state government to interact with one another Example: administering and maintaining a bridge or tunnel that connects two states

3-6 Constitutional Clauses Concerning Horizontal Federalism Full Faith and Credit Clause Privileges and Immunities Clause Extradition Clause Activities, policies or problems that require state governments to interact with one another Example: administering and maintaining a bridge or tunnel that connects two states

3-7 Defining Constitutional Powers McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)— established the implied powers of the national government and the idea of national supremacy (from the necessary and proper clause) (from the supremacy clause) Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) – established that the power to regulate interstate commerce was an exclusive national power (from the commerce clause)

3-8 The Reassertion of States’ Rights and the Civil War Nullification – the idea that states could declare a national law null and void Secession – the withdrawal of a state from a union

3-9 The Continuing Dispute over the Division of Power Dual Federalism – the national and state governments as equal sovereign powers Cooperative Federalism – the idea that states and the national government should cooperate to solve problems

3-10 Federal Preemption from 1900 to the Present

3-11 New Federalism limits national governments power to regulate restores power to state governments allows states to decide how money should be spent uses block grants opposes federal mandates