Regional workshop on migration statistics, October 2011, Antalya, Turkey Pablo Lattes Migration Section, Population Division - DESA United Nations, New York Data collection in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia

International migration data Migrant stocks Migrant stocks Refers to the stock of “foreign born” or “foreigners” living in a specific country on a specific date. Foreigners may include second generation (children of immigrants) Migration flows (inflows and outflows) Migration flows (inflows and outflows) Refers to the event of moving, from one country (origin) to another country (destination) in a given period (usually 1 year)

United Nations Recommendations on Statistics of International Migration 1998 Stock of international migrants present in a country refers to persons who have ever changed their country of usual residence Stock of international migrants present in a country refers to persons who have ever changed their country of usual residence Focus of interest on two subpopulations Focus of interest on two subpopulations Foreign-born population of a country includes all persons who have that country as country of usual residence and whose place of birth is located in another country.Foreign-born population of a country includes all persons who have that country as country of usual residence and whose place of birth is located in another country. Foreign population of a country includes all persons who have that country as usual residence and who are citizens of another country.Foreign population of a country includes all persons who have that country as usual residence and who are citizens of another country.

Recommended stock tabulations Native and foreign-born population by age and sex Native and foreign-born population by age and sex Foreign-born population by country of birth, age and sex Foreign-born population by country of birth, age and sex Foreigners by country of citizenship, age and sex Foreigners by country of citizenship, age and sex Foreign-born 15+ years and over by educational attainment and sex Foreign-born 15+ years and over by educational attainment and sex Foreigners 15+ years of age by educational attainment and sex Foreigners 15+ years of age by educational attainment and sex Population by citizenship status, age and sex Population by citizenship status, age and sex Economically active foreign-born by occupation Economically active foreign-born by occupation Source: Migrant stock tables of United Nations Statistics Division Population census questionnaire 2011

Data availability stocks by country of origin Country1990s2000s2010s Armenia1989C2001B/C2011 Azerbaijan1989C1999C2009 Belarus1989B/C1999C2009 Georgia1989C2000C2012 Kazakhstan1989B/C1999C2009 Kyrgyzstan1989C1999C2009 Republic of Moldova 2004C2012 Russian Federation 1989B/C2002B/C2010B/C Tajikistan1989B/C2000B/C2010 Turkmenistan1989C1995C2012 Ukraine1989B/C2001B/C2012 Uzbekistan1989C? Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011

Migrant Stock by Age and Sex Migrants in the World: not so old and a balanced sex ratio Migrants in the CIS + Georgia: significantly older and females World CIS + Georgia Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011

Comparison of total population and migrant stock CIS + Georgia (total population) CIS + Georgia (migrant stock) Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011

United Nations Population Division/DESA Percentage female among the migrant stock by age – 2010 Source: UNPD estimates

United Nations Population Division/DESA Percentage female among the migrant stock by age – 2010 Source: UNPD estimates

International migration flows Criterion Change in place of residence Citizenship Place of birth Sources Administrative records, (residence permits, population registers, border statistics) Advantages Annual data Disadvantages Difficult to compare, limited coverage (~ 40 countries world wide)

Recommended flow tabulations Inflow by reason (work, study, etc.) Inflow by reason (work, study, etc.) Inflow and outflow by citizenship status, sex and age Inflow and outflow by citizenship status, sex and age Inflow and outflow by origin/destination Inflow and outflow by origin/destination citizenshipcitizenship country of residence (previous/next)country of residence (previous/next) country of birthcountry of birth Source: United Nations Statistics Division Questionnaire on International Travel and Migration Source: United Nations Statistics Division Questionnaire on International Travel and Migration

Data sources for international migration flows Administrative registers Administrative registers (Population registers, registers of foreigners, registers of asylum seekers, overseas worker registers) Permit data Permit data (residence permit, exit permits, status adjustments) Border statistics Border statistics (Passenger cards, passenger survey) National Household Survey / Census National Household Survey / Census (Place of usual residence on year/ five/ ten years before)

Data availability – migration flows CountryFromTo Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Republic of Moldova Russian Federation Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011

Data availability – migration flows Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011 By country of residence By citizenship CountryInOut Covera ge InOut Armenia B F, C Azerbaijan B--- Belarus B--- Kazakhstan B--- Kyrgyzstan B--- Republic of Moldova C F Russian Federation B F, C Ukraine B

Distribution of migrant inflows by age to selected countries in Europe Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011

Examples of migration flows in the region

Five Steps Toward Better Migration Data

The five steps to improve migration data in the long term, with existing institutions and at low cost are … AMCPB Source: Centre for Global Development, 2009; based on the Report of the Commission on International Development Research and Policy Ask basic census questions – country of birth, citizenship, previous residence by age and sex – and tabulate and disseminate the answers Ask basic census questions – country of birth, citizenship, previous residence by age and sex – and tabulate and disseminate the answers Make better use of existing administrative data sources Make better use of existing administrative data sources Compile existing data from surveys Compile existing data from surveys Provide access to micro data Provide access to micro data Build capacity to collect and disseminate data Build capacity to collect and disseminate data