Unit 2 Environment of the Profession

Chapter 8 Health Services in the United States

What Shapes the Health Care System in the United States? Changing demographics Health insurance or lack of it Managed care

What Shapes the Health Care System in the United States? Shortages in health care personnel –Nurses and medical assistants Medical technological advances Information technology Legal concerns

Health Care Settings Inpatient –Hospitals Ownership? –Long-term care –Hospice care –Specialty hospitals

Health Care Settings Outpatient –Emergency care –Community-based patient care –Ambulatory centers

Types of Services Primary Secondary Tertiary

Team Members RNs –Advanced practice nurses MDs –Also DOs, Chiropractors –Physician Assistants Pharmacists, social workers, technicians

Health Care Financing

Health Care Financing: Medicare 1965 –Title XVIII of the Social Security Act –Federally funded health insurance program

Health Care Financing: Medicare Persons over age –Extended to younger persons with chronic illnesses and entitled to Social Security –Those with end stage renal disease

Medicare Part A Part B Part D

Health Care Financing: Medicaid Federally and state funded program specifically for aged poor Blind and disabled who have limited income

Health Care Financing: Medicaid Families with dependent children who have only one parent who is unemployed or unable to work Low income pregnant women

Managed Care HMO PPO Other care systems Uninsured

Issues that Affect Health Care Delivery in the United States Demographics Technology Genetics Natural Disasters Terrorism Lifestyles

Issues that Affect Health Care Delivery in the United States