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Commas do more than tell us when to pause while we are reading… dcJs dcJs Panda: large, black and white bear-like mammal. Native to China. Eats, shoots, and leaves. OH, NO!
Let’s eat Grandpa! Let’s eat, Grandpa! Pardon, impossible to be sent to Siberia! Pardon impossible, to be sent to Siberia! Hmmm… commas are more important than we thought!
To separate city and state I live in Murfreesboro, TN. Manchester, TN, is where I was born. When addressing a person Mrs. Southworth, you look lovely today! Class, you have no homework! To separate an introductory phrase Hello, how are you? My, you have grown! When separating an adjective ending in “ly” from other adjectives My dog loves her ugly, tattered toy. To separate items in a series:
When there are two adjectives where the word “and” could be used between them Please help me with this heavy, bulky box. The spoiled, fat cats won’t get off of it! To separate the day from the year and after the year Mr. Lincoln was born February 12, April 15, 1865, is the day he died. When separating an independent clause from a dependent clause When I am angry, I go for a run. After I run, I feel a lot better.
When combining independent clauses using conjunctions Mary is coming over, and we are going to do our nails. When setting apart a transitional expression Of course, I wanted to watch TV after work. My dog, however, is sleeping on the sofa. To set apart a non-restrictive clause The suspect in the lineup, who owns a red car, committed the crime. The store honored the complaints, which were less than 60 days old. When setting apart an appositive Mom will make my favorite meal, spaghetti, for my birthday. I invited Sheila, the new girl in our class, to come to the party.
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