Chapter 30

Zimmerman Note The Zimmerman note was a message sent by Germany to Mexico asking if they would attack the U.S. for land The U.S. intercepted the message and was outraged

Fourteen Points Address Wilson had a set of idealistic goals known as the fourteen points address One of the points was the league of nations

Treaty of Versailles The world leaders met to establish a treaty to end the war The War guilt clause placed all blame on Germany Treaty signed in 1919

Prohibition The 18 th amendment passed prohibiting all sale, production, and consumption of all alcohol Led to violence and was later repealed by the 21 st amendment

Women’s Suffrage Women finally achieved suffrage in 1920 with the passing of the 19 th amendment

Hitler Takes Advantage Hitler took advantage of the horrible situation in Germany to rise to power This led to WWII

Chapter 32

Adkins v. Children’s Hospital In the case of Adkins v. Children’s Hospital, The Muller v. Oregon case was reversed. Adkins v. Children’s Hospital allowed women to be able to have special protection in the workplace and allowed them to receive over minimum wage.

The Aftermath of War Esch-Cummins Transportation Act of 1920 urged railroads to have private consolidation La Follette Seaman’s Act of 1915 foreign shipping would not interfere with American shipping The total cost of the war was $3.5 billion

America Seeks Benefits Without Burdens The Four-Power Treaty tied Britain, Japan, France and the US to uphold standards in the Pacific Secretary Hughes proposed that American and British navels should enjoy equality of naval ships with Japan on the 5:3:3 ratio

Hiking the Tariff Higher Tariffs were put up for fear that Europe would sell cheap goods during their recovery from WWI Congress passed the Fordney-McCumber Tariff Law which pushed the 27 percent schedule to a 38.5 percent

The Stench of Scandal In the Teapot Dome Scandal, Harding made a secret agreement with Albert B. Falls where Falls made $100,000 from one man and three times that from another. Falls was sentenced with one year of jail On August 2, 1923, Harding died of pneumonia and thrombosis

“Silent Cal” Coolidge Harding’s death resulted in Vice President Calvin Coolidge taking office in 1923 Calvin Coolidge was a very shy and quiet president Coolidge boosted the economy with his very cautious business actions

Frustrated Farmers During WWI, farmers made a very good profit off their wheat sales, but after the war the demand for wheat went down The government paid farmers $3 a bushel during the war. After the war, the government didn’t have any use for the wheat. This made farmers very angry

Three-Way Race for the White House in 1924 Republicans wanted Calvin Coolidge to return for another term in office Coolidge, Davis and La Follette ran in 1924 Calvin Coolidge became the 30 th president of the United States

The Triumph of Herbert Hoover, 1928 Once Calvin Coolidge stated that he wasn’t going to run for presidency in the 1928 election, his successor, Herbert Hoover, began to run With the vote of 444 to 87, Herbert Hoover became the 31 st president of the United States

President Hoover’s First Moves The Agriculture Marketing Act, passed in June 1929, set up the Federal Farm Board to buy sell and store agricultural superfluities The Hawley-Smoot Tariff was a tariff on Germany that injured the German economy

The Great Crash Ends the Golden Twenties Black Tuesday was the day in October 1929 that the Stock Market crashed and led to the Great Depression By the end of 1929, more than 4 million people in the United States were left jobless

Hoover Battles the Great Depression In early 1932, Congress launched the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) People began to say that Herbert Hoover was a socialist

Japanese Militarists Attack China In September 1931, Japan began to sneak into Chinese territory and strike the country Japan invaded the Chinese province of Manchuria The League of Nations couldn’t interfere because it did not have American support

Chapter 35

Pearl Harbor Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7 th, 1941 Caused the U.S. to get involved in the war

Korematsu vs. U.S. Case was about the legality of japanese americans being locked in camps The courts ruled the camps were legal Provided protection from lunatics

War Production Board The board halted production of all nonessential items The board was disbanded shortley after the war ended

Women in the Military There was 216,000 women active in the military Women never saw actual battle Most were nurses or pilots flying supplies

Codetalkers Navajo indians were used to send code for americans Axis could not break the code Allies used code to send secret messages from place to place

Pacific Battles Coral sea was the first all plane and carrier battle Midway halted the japanese advance in the pacific

Tehran Conference The big 3 leaders met Leaders agreed to launch two attacks on two fronts Ultimately led to the demise of the Germans Germans surrendered on May 7, 1945

Manhattan Project Project was the secret production of the atomic bomb Two bombs were used One was dropped in Hiroshima other was dropped on Nagasaki Japan surrendered shortly after