Overview of Database Development Data Modeling and Relational Database Design

2-2 Overview of Database Development Objectives Describe the phases of the database development process Describe the phases of the application development process Explain conceptual data modeling and database design Describe the phases of the database development process Describe the phases of the application development process Explain conceptual data modeling and database design

2-3 Overview of Database Development Database Development Process Function Modeling Application Design Application Build ER model, entity definition Business Requirements Conceptual Data Modeling Database Design Database Build Table, index, view Function hierarchy, function definition Module (screen, report, menu, PL/SQL utility) ApplicationDatabase InformationProcess Operational System Cross-checking

2-4 Overview of Database Development Database Development Process Business Information Requirements Operational Database Conceptual Data Modeling Logical Database Design Physical Database Build Business view Systems view

2-5 Overview of Database Development Terminology LOGICAL CONCEPTUAL DESIGN (Business view)(Systems view) ANALYSIS

2-6 Overview of Database Development Terminology LOGICAL CONCEPTUAL DESIGN ENTITYTABLE (Business view)(Systems view) ANALYSIS

2-7 Overview of Database Development Terminology LOGICAL CONCEPTUAL DESIGN ENTITY RELATIONSHIP TABLE FOREIGN KEY (Business view)(Systems view) ANALYSIS

2-8 Overview of Database Development Terminology LOGICAL CONCEPTUAL DESIGN ENTITY RELATIONSHIP ATTRIBUTE TABLE FOREIGN KEY COLUMN (Business view)(Systems view) ANALYSIS

2-9 Overview of Database Development Terminology LOGICAL CONCEPTUAL DESIGN ENTITY RELATIONSHIP ATTRIBUTE TABLE FOREIGN KEY COLUMN (Business view)(Systems view) ANALYSIS UNIQUE IDENTIFIER PRIMARY KEY UNIQUE KEY

2-10 Overview of Database Development Information Models Organize thought processes Accurately model business data Communicate with stakeholders Analyze the scope Provide sound basis for system design Organize thought processes Accurately model business data Communicate with stakeholders Analyze the scope Provide sound basis for system design

2-11 Overview of Database Development Goals of Conceptual Data Modeling Robust syntax User communication Ease of development Definition of scope Integration of multiple applications Robust syntax User communication Ease of development Definition of scope Integration of multiple applications

2-12 Overview of Database Development Business Information Requirements “I manage the Human Resources Department for a large company. We need to keep information about each of our company’s employees. We need to track each employee’s first name, last name, job or position, hire date and salary. For any employees on commission, we also need to track their potential commission. Each employee is assigned a unique employee number. Our company is divided into departments. Each employee is assigned to a department, for example, accounting, sales or development. We need to know the department responsible for each employee and the department’s location. Each department has a unique number, for example, accounting is 10 and sales is 30. Some of the employees are managers. We need to know each employee’s manager and the employees that each manager manages”.

2-13 Overview of Database Development Business Information Requirements “I manage the Human Resources Department for a large company. We need to keep information about each of our company’s employees. We need to track each employee’s first name, last name, job or position, hire date and salary. For any employees on commission, we also need to track their potential commission. Each employee is assigned a unique employee number. Our company is divided into departments. Each employee is assigned to a department, for example, accounting, sales or development. We need to know the department responsible for each employee and the department’s location. Each department has a unique number, for example, accounting is 10 and sales is 30. Some of the employees are managers. We need to know each employee’s manager and the employees that each manager manages”.

2-14 Overview of Database Development Main Elements of an ERD held by MEMBERSHIP CUSTOMER # * customer number *first name *last name o other initials COMPANY SUPPLIER OTHER COMPANY the holder of held by part of composed of the holder of Unique Identifier Attributes Super-type Sub-type Recursive Relationship Entity Exclusive Arc

2-15 Overview of Database Development Hardware and Software Independence Agreement Term Product Agreement ENTITY RELATIONSHIP MODEL

2-16 Overview of Database Development Hardware and Software Independence Agreement Term Product Agreement HIERARCHICAL DATABASE ENTITY RELATIONSHIP MODEL Agreement Item 1 Product X Item 2 Product X

2-17 Overview of Database Development Hardware and Software Independence Agreement Term Product Agreement Product x Product y Item 1 Item 2 HIERARCHICAL DATABASE NETWORK DATABASE ENTITY RELATIONSHIP MODEL Agreement Item 1 Product X Item 2 Product X

2-18 Overview of Database Development Hardware and Software Independence Agreement Term Product Agreement CodeDateCustomerCodeDescription Agreement Quantity Product Number HIERARCHICAL DATABASE NETWORK DATABASE RELATIONAL DATABASE AgreementProduct x Product y Item 1 Item 2 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP MODEL Agreement Item 1 Product X Item 2 Product X

2-19 Overview of Database Development Summary Database development process Terminology Entity relationship models Hardware and software independence Database development process Terminology Entity relationship models Hardware and software independence