In-vitro comparison for tolerance to NaCl against callus induction and root- shoot bud formation in sesame. P. Chakraborti, S.P. Sinhamahapatra* and A.K. Basu Department of Seed Science and Technology *Department of Plant Breeding Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India

Materials and Methods Nine genotypes – R-9, B-14, B-9, B- 67, T-12, RT-4, IDP-51, IET-2 and HT-1 – primarily, screened from 22 against salt tolerance through germination and survivality.  NaCl conc. Were – 0.5% (9.3 dSm -1 ), 0.75% 13.5 dSm -1 ), 1.00% (17.4 dSm -1 ) and 1.25 (20.7 dSm -1 ).  Different explants were placed in MS and B-5 medium with varying conc. of hormones.  Explants producing good callus and also multiple shoot bud and root at a particular hormone conc. Were again studied in the same condition supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% NaCl salt.

Hormo ne Conc. Responsive portion Types of responseResp- onsive % of the tube Colour of the callus Survival period (days) Character of the responsive portion 1PetioleMedium growth of callus 18Brownish17-20Very soft callus 1 + S--No response-- 2Plant tip, stem & root Medium growth of callus 28Yellowish19-22Soft, nodular callus 2 + SStem & root Very poor growth of callus 7Brownish7-10Soft callus 3Plant tipMedium type in performance 24Yellowish20-23Compact, nodular callus 3 + S--No response-- 4Hypocotyl, Epicotyl & plant tip Good growth of callus 38Yellowish white 27-30Compact, nodular callus 4 + S(Very poorperformance)-- 5Hypocotyl, Epicotyl & Plant tip Good growth of callus 55Yellowish white 30-38Compact, nodular callus; root formation after days 5 + SSamePoor growth in salty medium 13Yellowish white 12-13Soft callus 6Hypocotyl, Epicotyl & Plant tip Medium growth of callus 29Yellowish22-28Soft callus 6 + SSamePoor growth of callus 9Brownish8-11Very soft callus Response of different explants in MS medium supplemented with different hormones and salinity levels

Hypocotyl, Epicotyl & Plant tip Medium type of initiation of callus 44Yellowish30-32Compact callus 7 + SSameDecrease growth of callus in increased salty condition 14Brownish12-14Soft callus 8Hypocotyl, Epicotyl & Cotyledon Good initiation of callus followed by initiation of multiple shoot buds 65Creamish white with greenish tint 30-35Compact callus, poor growth of shoot buds 8 + SSameGrowth of callus is poor 23Yellowish10-14Compact callus 9Hypocotyl, Epicotyl & Cotyledon Good initiation of callus followed by multiple shoot buds 61Creamish white 30-33Compact callus, poor growth of shoot buds 9 + SSameMedium to poor growth of callus 19Yellowish9-13Soft, nodular callus 10Hypocotyl, Epicotyl & Cotyledon & germinating seeds Good initiation of callus. Shoot bud initiated form plumule tip of germinating seeds 65Creamish white with greenish tint but shoot buds upto 40 days Compact callus, poor growth of shoot buds 10 + SHypocotyl, Epicotyl & Cotyledon Poor growth of callus 18Brownish white 10-12Soft callus 10Hypocotyl, Epicotyl & Cotyledon & germinating seeds Good start of callus. Shoot bud initiated from plumule tip of the germination seeds 68Creamish white with greenish tint but shoot buds upto 40 days Compact callus, shoot buds initiated 10 + SHypocotyl, Epicotyl & Cotyledon Medium to poor initiation of callus with increase in salinity condition 23Yellowish12-15Compact callus

Hormo ne Conc. Responsive portion Types of responseResp- onsive % of the tube Colour of the callus Survival period (days) Character of the responsive portion 1Stem, root plant tip Medium growth of callus 18Yellowish18-22Very soft, nodular callus 1 + SNo response --- 2Stem, root and plant tip Medium growth of callus 32Yellowish23-28Soft, nodular callus, root formation at later stage 2 + SPlant tipOnly initiation of callus at lower conc. 10Brownish Plant tipMedium growth of callus 30Yellowish20-23Compact, nodular callus 3 + SNo response --- 4Plant tip & Petiole Medium growth of callus 39Yellowish26-33Nodular callus, root formation at later stage 4 + SPlant tip & Petiole Poor growth21Brownish10-11Soft nodular callus 5Plant tip, Petiole & cotyledon Medium growth of callus 65Creamish white 28-34Compact callus 5 + SPlant tip, Petiole & cotyledon Poor growth22Yellowish8-12Compact callus 6Plant tip, Petiole & cotyledon Medium growth of callus 51Creamish white 27-38Compact callus 6 + SPlant tip, Petiole & cotyledon Poor growth24Yellowish10-12Compact callus Response of different explants in B-5 medium supplemented with different hormones and salinity levels

Plant tip, Petiole & cotyledon Good initiation of callus followed by multiple shoot buds initiation 63Creamish with greenish tint 27-41Compact callus, poor growth of multiple shoot buds 7 + SPlant tip, Petiole & cotyledon Medium growth at lower conc. 23Yellowish white 8-14Compact callus 8Plant tip petiole, cotyledon & germinating seeds Good initiation of callus followed by multiple shoot bud formation at growing plumule tip of germinating seeds 71Creamish white with greenish tint 32-40Compact callus, medium growth of multiple shoot buds 8 + SPlant tip petiole, cotyledon & germinating seeds but without germinating seeds Medium growth of callus at lower conc. 22Yellowish white 9-16Compact callus 9Plant tip petiole, cotyledon & germinating seeds Good initiation of callus & plumule tip of germinating seeds produced multiple shoot bud 73Creamish white with greenish tint 35-41Compact callus, good development of multiple shoot buds 9 + SPetiole, cotyledon & plant tip Medium growth of callus at lower conc. 22Yellowish brown 12-14Compact callus, shoot buds initiated 10Plant tip, petiole & cotyledon Good initiation of callus but not continued 65Creamish white with greenish tint 36-39Compact callus 10 + SSameMedium type of initiation of callus at lower conc. 20Yellowish Brown 10-11Soft callus

Plant tip, petiole, cotyledon and germinating seeds Good initiation of callus and plumule tip of germinating seeds produced multiple shoot bud 74Creamish white with greenish tint 37-43Compact callus, good development of multiple shoot buds 11 + SPlant tip, petiole, cotyledon and germinating seeds Moderately callus initiation at lower conc 23Brownish9-12Compact callus, shoot buds initiation

Conclusion White seeded genotypes responded well for multiple shoot bud. Kinetin and BA was much active than 2,4-D. Callus growth and multiple shoot bud formation were restricted with increase in salinity.