After successful completion of 4 Units in this Lesson, you have learned to: List the fungal diseases affecting seeds and seedlings of groundnut. Describe.

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After successful completion of 4 Units in this Lesson, you have learned to: List the fungal diseases affecting seeds and seedlings of groundnut. Describe the symptoms of each of these seeds and seedling diseases caused by fungi in groundnut. Employ management practices, if needed, to control these seeds and seedling diseases in groundnut. Virtual Academy for the Semi Arid Tropics Lesson 2: Seed and Seedling Diseases Course on Diseases of Groundnut Module III: Diseases Caused by Fungi

The 4 Units in this Lesson are: Unit 1Unit 1: Pre-emergence Seed and Seedling Rots Unit 2Unit 2: Yellow Mold Unit 3Unit 3: Diplodia Collar Rot Unit 4Unit 4: Rhizoctonia Damping-Off Click “Unit” to select the Unit Virtual Academy for the Semi Arid Tropics Lesson 2: Seed and Seedling Diseases Course on Diseases of Groundnut Module III: Diseases Caused by Fungi

Virtual Academy for the Semi Arid Tropics Lesson 2: Seed and Seedling Diseases Course on Diseases of Groundnut Module III: Diseases Caused by Fungi Units Symptoms Infected seed and seedlings are reduced to a dark brown or black spongy mass of rotted tissue It is seed borne fungi. So, decay is most rapid when infected seeds are sown. Unit 1: Pre-emergence Seed and Seedling Rots

Virtual Academy for the Semi Arid Tropics Lesson 2: Seed and Seedling Diseases Course on Diseases of Groundnut Module III: Diseases Caused by Fungi Units Management Sow good quality and disease-free seed. Avoid damage to the seed testa. Deep placement of seed at sowing. Treat the seed with Thiram at 3 g/kg seeds or with carbendazim at 2 g/kg seeds. Follow crop rotation, i.e., cereal-cereal- groundnut. Unit 1: Pre-emergence Seed and Seedling Rots

Virtual Academy for the Semi Arid Tropics Lesson 2: Seed and Seedling Diseases Course on Diseases of Groundnut Module III: Diseases Caused by Fungi Units Symptoms Seeds and non-emerged seedlings become shriveled and brownish. The cotyledons are covered with yellow or greenish yellow spores (Fig.). Decay is most rapid when infected seeds are sown. After seedling emergence there might not be any new infection. Unit 2: Yellow Mold

Virtual Academy for the Semi Arid Tropics Lesson 2: Seed and Seedling Diseases Course on Diseases of Groundnut Module III: Diseases Caused by Fungi Units Management Sow good quality and disease-free seed. Avoid damage to the seed testa. Deep placement of seed at sowing. Treat the seed with Thiram at 3 g/kg seeds or with carbendazim at 2 g/kg seeds. Follow crop rotation, i.e., cereal-cereal- groundnut. Unit 2: Yellow Mold

Virtual Academy for the Semi Arid Tropics Lesson 2: Seed and Seedling Diseases Course on Diseases of Groundnut Module III: Diseases Caused by Fungi Units Symptoms Seedlings or maturing plants are infected at or near the soil surface and the fungus quickly invades the stem. The first field symptom is wilting of lateral branches or the entire plant. Infected plants usually die within a few days. The base of the infected plants and the tap root become slate gray to black. Unit 3: Diplodia Collar Rot

Virtual Academy for the Semi Arid Tropics Lesson 2: Seed and Seedling Diseases Course on Diseases of Groundnut Module III: Diseases Caused by Fungi Units Symptoms Seedlings show sunken, elongate, dark brown areas just below the soil surface (Fig.). The lesions enlarge, become black, and girdle the hypocotyls (Fig.). Similar lesions develop on tap roots, and extend to the entire root system leading to dry root rot. Subsequently the plants are killed. Unit 4: Rhizoctonia Damping-Off

With this, the Lesson 2 on Seed and Seedling Diseases caused by fungi in groundnut concludes. Next, Lesson 3 is about Stem, Root and Pod diseases caused by fungi in groundnut. Select Lesson 3 from Module III contents Virtual Academy for the Semi Arid Tropics Course on Diseases of Groundnut Module III: Diseases Caused by Fungi Units