R3000/001 Assembly Programming using MIPS R3000 CPU R3000 CPU Chip Manufactured by IDT What is MIPS R3000 Processor? A 32-bit RISC CPU developed by MIPS Technologies Inc., Used for high-performance desktops such as workstations Many venders manufacture the chip (NEC, IDT, Toshiba)

R3000/002 Assembly Programming using MIPS R3000 CPU The process of assembly programming We start from here! SPIM Simulator does these for us

R3000/003 Assembly Programming using MIPS R3000 CPU Example of assembly program for MIPS R3000 start:lw$s3, 0($s1)# Load s3 register add$t1, $s3, $s3# Register t1 = s3 * 2 add$t1, $t1, $t1# t1 = t1 *2 sw$t1, 0($s1)# Save t1 register Assembly instruction field Comment field Label field

R3000/004 Assembly Programming using MIPS R3000 CPU The formats of R3000 assembly instructions We need to know only these information

R3000/005 Assembly Programming using MIPS R3000 CPU Available registers in MIPS R3000 MIPS R3000 CPU has 32 registers We will use only some of the 32 registers Name Usage $zero $v0~$v1 $a0~$a3 $t0~$t7 $s0~$s7 $t8~$t9 $gp $sp $fp $ra Constant zero Value Argument Temporary Saved Extra Temporary Global Pointer Stack Pointer Frame Pointer Return Address

R3000/006 Assembly Programming using MIPS R3000 CPU Basic assembly instructions of MIPS R3000 These are the instructions for our project Examples

R3000/EXTRA Assembly Programming using MIPS R3000 CPU Available registers in MIPS R3000

R3000/EXTRA Assembly Programming using MIPS R3000 CPU Major existing instructions for R3000 processor  Memory access instructions (“load” and “store”)  Logic operation instructions (AND, OR, XOR, and NOT)  Branch instructions (a) Conditional branch instructions (BEQ, BNE, etc) (b) Unconditional branch instructions (“jump”) (c) Sub-routine call instructions  Floating-point fraction arithmetic instruction  Integer arithmetic instructions (+, -, etc.)  Processor-control instructions Example: “halt”, “disable interrupts”, etc.