World Malnutrition Undernutrition: ~800 million people Nutrient Deficiency: billion people Overnutrition: ~ 1.1 billion

Undernutrition From United Nations (2004) Undernourished Population:

USA Overnutrition numbers 2000: –64% of people are considered overweight –30% of people are considered to be obese –1/7 children and teenagers are considered to be overweight

Fig. 9-1, p. 312 Key: In 2002, 29 states had obesity rates of 20 to 24 percent and rates of 3 more topped 25 percent In 1991, only 4 states had obesity rates >15 percent ≥ 25% 15% to 19% 20% to 24% 10% to 14% <10% No data available Obesity Rates across the US

Obesity across the World More people in the developing world are now overweight than hungry

The Problem with Globalization Globalization: as the middle class of a third world or developing country expands the opportunity to purchase a wider range of products increases: –Grocery stores –Electronic goods –Automobiles Globalization increases the availability of unhealthy food sources –Sweetened beverages –Vegetable oils –Animal source foods Globalization increases sedentary behavior –Increase television viewing –Decrease physical exercise

The Changes in Mexico 1989: –<10% of the population is considered to be overweight –Obesity/Type II Diabetes were not health issues –Hunger and poverty were the main issues of concern 2006: –77% of males are considered to be overweight or obese –66% of females are considered to be overweight or obese –1/7 have Type II Diabetes and it is spreading

The Problem with Eating Away from Home

Super-Size Me?

More Calories are Available

More Caloric Sweeteners are Available

More Sugary Soft Drinks are Available

Esophagus Surgical staples In one common surgery, the surgeon constructs a small stomach pouch and restricts the outlet from the stomach to the intestine. Intestines Surgical band Stomach Small stomach pouch