Game plan Lecture Skin and eye diseases Study Guide for Exam 4 is posted to website Lab Major Unknown Water Microbiology.

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Presentation transcript:

Game plan Lecture Skin and eye diseases Study Guide for Exam 4 is posted to website Lab Major Unknown Water Microbiology

Skin- first line of defense -Structural: Epidermal and dermal layers Stratum corneum contains keratin -Physical and chemical defense factors

Lacrimal apparatus- first line of defense -Physical and chemical defense factors

Skin/Eye Lesions -Causes: -Direct penetration of pathogen -Hematogenous spread of pathogen to site -Cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases -Classified by anatomical level of infection -Superficial -Deep (necrotizing fasciitis) - Lesion type important for diagnosis

Lesions

Staphylococcal infections -Clinically divided by coagulase positive or negative -Characteristics of coagulase-positive S. aureus: -Can survive for months on solid surface -Produces toxins: hemolysins, enterotoxins, superantigens -Blocks chemotaxis of neutrophils -Produces toxins that kill neutrophils -Resistant to opsonization -Resistant to lysozyme -Human antibodies unable to prevent multiple infections -Can causes folliculitis, sty, abscess, impetigo, bullous impetigo (scalded skin syndrome)

Staphylococcal infections- scalded skin syndrome

Streptococcal infections -Clinically divided by hemolytic ability -Characteristics of  -hemolytic S. pyogenes: -80 immunological subtypes that vary by M protein -M protein prevents activation of complement (and thus downstream effects) -Contains streptokinases, hyaluronidases, deoxyribonucleases, streptolysins -Can cause strep throat, leading to erysipelas, and necrotizing fasciitis (“flesh-eating” bacteria) due to exotoxin A

Streptococcal infections- erysipelas and impetigo

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and infectious granuloma

Invasive Group A Streptococcal (GAS) Infections

Papillomavirus spp- dermal warts

Papillomavirus spp- A little something different

Variola virus- smallpox

Varicella zoster virus- chickenpox and shingles

Measles (Rubeola)

Tinea infections- cutaneous mycoses

Blastomycoses dermatitidis- subcutaneous mycoses

Candidiasis

Soil organisms (Madurella and actinomycetes)- Madura foot or Eumycetoma

Sarcoptes scabiei- Scabies

Chlamydia trachoma- trachoma