Unit 1 Calculations. Go to question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8.

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 1 Calculations

Go to question

In which of the following pairs do gases contain the same number of oxygen atoms? a. 2 mol of oxygen and 2 mol of carbon monoxide. b. 3 mol of oxygen and 1.5 mol carbon dioxide. c. 1 mol of oxygen and 2 mol of carbon dioxide. d. 1 mol of oxygen and 1 mol of carbon dioxide.

a hint!!!! 1 st hint A mole has 6.02 x particles.. 2 nd hint O 2 has 2 O atoms and CO 2 has 2 O atoms and 1 C atom

1 mol of oxygen and 1 mol of carbon dioxide. 1 mol of oxygen = O 2 1 mol of O atoms = 6.02 x atoms So O 2 has 6.02 x x 2 atoms 1 mol of carbon dioxide, CO 2 1 mol of CO 2 atoms = 6.02 x molecules So there are 1 mol of C atoms and 2 mol of O atoms In which of the following pairs do gases contain the same number of oxygen atoms? Correct because……

A pencil lead contains 3.01 x of carbon atoms. What is the mass of the pencil lead if 50% of the lead is made from carbon. a. 0.5g b. 0.6 g c. 1.2 g d. 2.5 g

a hint!!!! 1 st hint One mole has 6.02 x particles.. 2 nd hint How many moles of carbon are there in the pencil?

So 3.01 x of carbon atoms would contain 1 mol of C atoms = 6.02 x atoms 3.01 x x mol = 5 x 10 –2 mol mass nGFMx No. Particles nLx n = number of moles Mass = 5 x 10 –2 x 12 = 6.0 x 10 –1 g = 50% of the lead Ans. = 1.2 g A pencil lead contains 3.01 x of carbon atoms. What is the mass of the pencil lead if 50% of the lead is made from carbon. Correct because….

2CO (g) + O 2 (g)  2CO 2 (g) How many litres of carbon dioxide could theoretically be produced when 6 litres of carbon monoxide is mixed with 2 litres of oxygen? a. 8 litres b. 12 litres c. 3 litres d. 4 litres

a hint!!!! 1 st hint 2CO (g) + 1O 2 (g)  2CO 2 (g) 2 nd hint Gases react in simple volume ratios.

2CO (g) + O 2 (g)  2CO 2 (g) 2 vol + 1 vol  2 vol 2 mol + 1 mol  2 mol 4 litres + 2 litres  4 litres of CO 2 How many litres of carbon dioxide could theoretically be produced when 6 litres of carbon monoxide is mixed with 2 litres of oxygen? Correct because…

Ca (s) + H 2 O (l)  Ca(OH) 2 (s) + H 2 (g) Taking the molar volume of hydrogen as 24 litres mol –1. How many litres of hydrogen is produced when 2g of calcium is reacted with excess water? a. 1.2 litres b. 48 litres c. 12 litres d. 480 litres

a hint!!!! 1 st hint 24 litres is 1 mol of H 2, What about Ca? 2 nd hint 1Ca (s) + 1H 2 O (l)  1Ca(OH) 2 (s) + 1H 2 (g)

Ca (s) + H 2 O (l)  Ca(OH) 2 (s) + H 2 (g) mass n GfM x Volume (l) Molar Volume (l) nx Gases Units litres (l) 2 g of Ca = 2 / 40 = 0.05 mol So 0.05 mol of H 2 made. So vol = 24 x 0.05 Ans: = 1.2 litres Taking the molar volume of hydrogen as 24 litres mol –1. How many litres of hydrogen is produced when 2g of calcium is reacted with excess water? Correct because……..

How many moles of nitrogen are there in 1.5 mol of nitrogen dioxide? a mol b. 0.5 mol c. 1.5 mol d. 4.5 mol

a hint!!!! 1 st hint The formula for nitrogen dioxide is NO 2 2 nd hint How many moles of nitrogen are in 1 mole of nitrogen?

NO 2 contains 1 mol of N atoms and 2 mol of oxygen atoms So 1.5 mol of NO 2 contains 1.5 x 1 mol of N atoms and 1.5 x 2 mol of oxygen atoms Ans: = 1.5 mol How many moles of nitrogen are there in 1.5 mol of nitrogen dioxide? Correct because……..

Sulphur exists as S 8 molecules. How many types of these molecules are there in 1.6g of sulphur? a x b. 1.6 x c x d. 5.0 x 10 21

a hint!!!! 1 st hint How many atoms of S are there in 1.6g of S? 2 nd hint How many atoms of S are there in a molecule of S?

a hint!!!! 1 st hint How many atoms of S are there in 1.6g of S? 2 nd hint How many atoms of S are there in a molecule of S?

1.6 g of S = 1.6 / 32 mol of S No. Particles nLx = 0.05 mol Since 1 mol = 6.02 x atoms 0.05 mol has 6.02 x x 0.05 atoms = 3.01 x Since there are 8 atoms in every S 8 molecules Ans : 3.01 x / 8= 3.76 x molecules Sulphur exists as S 8 molecules. How many types of these molecules are there in 1.6g of sulphur? Correct because…..

A mixture of calcium chloride and calcium nitrate contain 5 mol of calcium and 2 mol of nitrate ions. How many moles of chloride ions are present? a. 3 mol b. 4 mol c. 6 mol d. 8 mol

a hint!!!! 1 st hint The chemical formula for Ca(NO 3 ) 2, what is the ratio of Ca to NO 3 ions? 2 nd hint CaCl 2 has a ratio of 1 Ca: 2 Cl

Calcium chloride CaCl 2 contains 1 mol Ca and 2 mol Chloride ions Calcium nitrate Ca (NO 3 ) 2 contains 1 mol Ca and 2 mol nitrate ions So 2 mol of nitrate ions combine with 1 mol of Ca ions, leaving 4 mol of Ca ions to combine with Chloride ions. Ans: 8 mol of Chloride ions combine with 4 mol of Ca ions A mixture of calcium chloride and calcium nitrate contain 5 mol of calcium and 2 mol of nitrate ions. How many moles of chloride ions are present? Correct because….

The Avogadro Constant is the same as the number of? a. Electrons in 1 g of carbon b. Ions in 40 g calcium carbonate c. Protons in 4 g of helium d. Molecules in 14 g of nitrogen

a hint!!!! How many electrons does carbon have?, so how many electrons would a mole of carbon have?

a hint!!!! Helium has a mass number of 4 and an atomic number of (proton number) 2.

a hint!!!! CaCO 3 contains Ca 2+ and CO 3 2- ions i.e. 2 ions per formula unit.

1 g of carbon would be 1 / 12 mol = mol each C has 12 electrons so 12 x = 1 mol Ions in 40 g calcium carbonate, Ca 2+ CO mol of CaC0 3 = 100g, 40g = 40 / 100 = 0.4 mol So 0.4 x 2 ions = 0.8 mol Protons in 4 g of helium, = 4/2 mol = 2 mol Molecules in 14 g of nitrogen (N 2 ) = 14/28 = 0.5 mol The Avogadro Constant is the same as the number of? Correct because……..