Lesson 1 The Spirit of Explorers Lesson 1 The Spirit of Explorers

1. achieve vt. 成就，实现 2. control vt. 控制 3. force vt. 强迫 be forced to do sth. 4. commit vt. 犯（罪） commit a crime / commit suicide 犯罪 / 自杀 5. murder v. n. 谋杀 6. course n. 路线，航线 7. direction n. 方向

1. Which of the following people do you think arrived in America first? a. Christopher Columbus b. Ancient Romans c. Chinese d. Vikings

2. Find Chinese names for these places on P108. Scandinavia Iceland Norway Greenland Newfoundland 斯堪的纳维亚人 冰岛 挪威 格陵兰 纽芬兰

This painting shows Viking raider in about the year 1100

This is the Vinland-map. It might be the oldest map of North America. Some people believe the Vikings drew it. They think Christopher Columbus may have used it to find the New world.

Scandinavia Iceland Newfoun dland Greenland

The Spirit of Explorers ( 语言点 ) 1. spirit n. 精神，情绪 be in high/low spirits 情绪高涨 / 低落 2. voyages to America 美洲之旅 key to the door 门的钥匙 answer to the question 问题的答案 road to success 成功之路

3....the first (...) to reach America. the first/next/last/only 等词，后接 to do ，作后置定语 e.g. He is always the first person to get to the office. e.g. I am the last one to know about this.

4. long before “ 在此之前很久 ” They achieved this long before Columbus ever set sail. 他们在哥伦布到达此地很久之前就 已经来过这儿。 before long “ 不久 ” I shall see you again before long. 很快我就会再来看你。

5. set sail (for...) 启航 ( 前往某地 ) e.g. The ship will set sail for London in a moment. 这艘船马上要启航前往伦敦。 6. far 的比较级 farther 更远 further 更远 ; 进一步 ; 深层 further discussion 进一步的讨论 further education 深造

7. 句型： There be ＋ sb. ＋ doing 有... 人在做... e.g. There are many students _______ in the library. 有许多人在图书馆读书。 There be ＋ sb./sth. ＋ V-ed ( 过去分词 ) 有... 人 / 事被... e.g. There are many trees _____ down every year. 每年有许多树木被砍掉。 reading cut

8. according to 根据，按照（文献、标准） 据... 所说 e.g. Please arrange these books according to their types. 请根据类别来整理这些书。 e.g. According to the Bible, Adam was the first man. 据圣经记载，亚当是第一个人。

9. get into trouble “ 遇到麻烦 ” e.g. She is always getting into trouble. 她总是惹麻烦。 be in trouble 处于困境 e.g. A true friend will give you a hand when you are in trouble. ask/look for trouble 自找麻烦 Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles U.

to do 说服某人做... into doing 同上 out of doing 说服某人别做... of sth. 使某人相信... that 从句 同上 The salesman persuaded me to buy this car. They persuaded Susan of their story. persuade sb. 10.(not)

persuade 与 advise 的区别 advise ：劝告，但也许不能成功。 persuade ：劝告并且说服了对方。 如果只是 “ 劝告，但不知能否成功 ” ，用 try to persuade e.g. She tried to persuade him to give up smoking, but he wouldn’t listen. 她试着劝他戒烟，但他不听。

11. make it 成功做到 I believe if you hanging on, you’ll make it! 12. 动词＋ in search of 寻找，寻求 e.g. He went in search of a doctor for his sick wife. e.g. The police has been in search of the lost child for two days.

search ( 地点 ) for... “ 寻找 ” e.g. What are you searching for? e.g. He searched every corner of his room for his ID card. 13. off course 偏离航向 of course ________ 介词 off 有表示 “ 脱落，掉下，偏离 ” 的意思 take off 脱衣服；起飞 当然 ID=identity

6. Leif... sailed to [what is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada]. Leif... 航行到了现在被认为是加拿大 海岸的地方。 to －介词 what 引导的从句做 to 的宾语 即宾语从句

Scandinavia Iceland Newfoun dland Greenland

1. Eric the Red wanted to get a land which could be colonized so he decided to set sail further. 2. Biarni set sail from Iceland in order to join Leif’s father. True or False F F 殖民统治

3. Biarni discovered Greenland first. 4. The Vikings were stronger and stronger in Northern Europe from the 8th to 10th century. 5. According to official records ， Europeans reached America long before Columbus ever set sail. F F T

Read the passage. Then complete the table below about the Vikings’ major discoveries. When?Who?What?How? the middle of the ninth century discovered Greenland blown there by a storm the Eric Red

When?Who?What?How? unknown land blown off course not longer after Eric the Red had landed in Greenland Biarni

When?Who?What?How? the year 1002 Leif and Biarni Vinland (now known as Newfoundland) planned the trip

1. finally 2. succeed 3. never heard of 4. start a sea journey eventually achieve unknown set sail Find the words in the text that match most closely with the meaning of the words below

5. looking for 6. sea journey 7. now 8. based on in search of voyage present-day according to

1. After five hours’ drive, they reached ___ they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of. A. that B. where C. which D. what D. what Exercise

2. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, __ the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which A. of which

3. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ___ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of then D. of that A. of which

4. I have many friends, ___ some are businessman. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom D. of whom

课本 P9 Exercise 11 答案： 1. I have 5 balloons, three of which are yellow. 2. David is my friend with whom I often play tennis. 3. He has twenty books, only two of which are interesting. 4. Mr. Johnson, to whom we complained, apologised for the mistake. 5. The Antarctic, about which men know little, is covered with snow and ice all year round.

1. I have five balloons. Three of them are yellow. I have five balloons, of which three are yellow. Join the pairs of sentences using relative pronouns.

2. David is my friend. I often play tennis with him. David is my friend, with whom I play tennis. 3. He has twenty books. Only two of them are interesting. He has twenty books, of which only two are interesting.

4. Mr. Johnson apologized for the mistake. We complained to him. Mr. Johnson, to whom we complained, apologised for the mistakes. 5. The shop is not far from my house. We bought the air-conditioner from it. The shop where we bought the air- conditioner, is not far from my house.

6. The Antarctic is covered with snow and ice all the year round. Man knows little about it. The Antarctic, about which we know little, is covered with snow and ice all the year round.

7. You’d better tell her the name of the book. She can find information about the project there. You’d better tell her the name of the book, in which she can find information about the project.

8. They have just started their trip to Tibet. They prepared for it for about a month. They have just started their trip to Tibet, for which they prepared for a month.