30/10/2015 Vera Harding 1 Access Biology. Circulatory System. Leucocytes.

30/10/2015 2Vera Harding Blood: Introduction. The human circulatory system contains blood. The human circulatory system contains blood. Blood is a liquid connective tissue. Blood is a liquid connective tissue. Blood is a viscous (sticky) liquid that has many cellular components suspended in it. Blood is a viscous (sticky) liquid that has many cellular components suspended in it. The temperature of the blood is usually degrees Centegrade. The temperature of the blood is usually degrees Centegrade. The body contains around 5 litres of blood. The body contains around 5 litres of blood. Blood constitutes approximately 8% of body weight. Blood constitutes approximately 8% of body weight. Blood is slightly alkaline (has pH 7.4). Blood is slightly alkaline (has pH 7.4). Blood is 55% plasma and 45% blood cells. Blood is 55% plasma and 45% blood cells.

Blood Hound.

30/10/2015 4Vera Harding Functions of the Blood. There are three main functions of the blood. There are three main functions of the blood. Defence (protection). Defence (protection). Regulation (control). Regulation (control). Transportation. Transportation.

30/10/2015 5Vera Harding Composition of the Blood. Blood is composed of plasma and blood cells. Blood is composed of plasma and blood cells.

30/10/2015 6Vera Harding Plasma. Plasma makes up 55% of the blood. Plasma makes up 55% of the blood. Plasma is a straw coloured slightly alkaline fluid. Plasma is a straw coloured slightly alkaline fluid. Plasma is; water, (90%), plasma proteins, (8%), and enzymes, hormones, inorganic ions (electrolytes) nutrients and waste (2%). Plasma is; water, (90%), plasma proteins, (8%), and enzymes, hormones, inorganic ions (electrolytes) nutrients and waste (2%).

30/10/2015 7Vera Harding Plasma Proteins. Blood contains many plasma proteins. Blood contains many plasma proteins. The most abundant plasma proteins are: The most abundant plasma proteins are: Albumins. Albumins. Globulins. Globulins. Fibrinogens. Fibrinogens.

30/10/2015 8Vera Harding Albumins. Albumins = 54% of plasma protein. Albumins = 54% of plasma protein. Albumins help to maintain the pressure required for the process of osmosis. Albumins help to maintain the pressure required for the process of osmosis. Albumins make the plasma sticky for the viscosity of blood. Albumins make the plasma sticky for the viscosity of blood.

30/10/2015 9Vera Harding Globulins. Globulins = 38% of plasma protein. Globulins = 38% of plasma protein. Globulins include antibodies for the immune response against bacteria and viruses. Globulins include antibodies for the immune response against bacteria and viruses.

30/10/ Vera Harding Fibrinogens. Fibrinogens = 7% of plasma proteins. Fibrinogens = 7% of plasma proteins. Fibrinogen is the key protein required for coagulation of the blood. Fibrinogen is the key protein required for coagulation of the blood.

30/10/ Vera Harding Blood Cells. Blood cells are manufactured in the red bone marrow. Blood cells are manufactured in the red bone marrow. There are three types of blood cell. There are three types of blood cell. Erythrocytes (red blood cells). Erythrocytes (red blood cells). Leucocytes (white blood cells). Leucocytes (white blood cells). Platelets (thrombocytes). Platelets (thrombocytes).

30/10/ Vera Harding Blood Cells.

30/10/ Vera Harding Erythrocytes. Erythrocytes are bi- concave in shape. Why? To provide a much larger surface area. Why? To enable them to carry more oxygen for transport around the body.

30/10/ Vera Harding Leucocytes.

30/10/ Vera Harding Platelets.