Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 1

Anatomy Branch of science that deals with the structure (morphology) of body parts

Physiology Branch of science that concerns the functions of the body parts

Organization of the Human Body Body cavities –Axial Head, neck, trunk –Appendiculuar Upper and lower limbs Body cavities –Axial Head, neck, trunk –Appendiculuar Upper and lower limbs

Within axial portion –Dorsal cavity Cranial cavity Vertebral canal Within axial portion –Dorsal cavity Cranial cavity Vertebral canal

–Ventral cavity Thoracic cavity –Lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland Abdominalopelvic cavity –Separated from thoracic by diaphragm –Abdominal cavity »Stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, kidneys, most of intestines –Pelvic cavity »End of large intestine, urinary bladder, and internal reproductive organs –Ventral cavity Thoracic cavity –Lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland Abdominalopelvic cavity –Separated from thoracic by diaphragm –Abdominal cavity »Stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, kidneys, most of intestines –Pelvic cavity »End of large intestine, urinary bladder, and internal reproductive organs

Anatomical Terminology Superior – above Inferior – below Anterior – toward front Posterior – toward back Medial – toward middle Superior – above Inferior – below Anterior – toward front Posterior – toward back Medial – toward middle

Lateral – towards side Proximal – closer to attachment Distal – farther from attachment Superficial – near surface Deep – more internal Lateral – towards side Proximal – closer to attachment Distal – farther from attachment Superficial – near surface Deep – more internal

Planes Sagittal – lengthwise cut Transverse – horizontal cut Coronal – frontal cut Sagittal – lengthwise cut Transverse – horizontal cut Coronal – frontal cut

Body Regions See p. 17

Body Regions cont See p. 17

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Assignment Choose a region of the body. Using anatomical terminology describe the location of the region relative to at least four other body regions. Choose a region of the body. Using anatomical terminology describe the location of the region relative to at least four other body regions.